Discussion
| Our subjects' haplotypes are unique, with no full or even near matches
at any level in the FTDNA or Ysearch databases, except with each other.
At 67 markers, six individuals bear the modal haplotype for the group,
which is presumed to be the haplotype of their common ancestor. None
of the others tested to 67 markers has less than a 64/67 match with the
modal haplotype or less than a 62/67 match with each other. These
matches are close, demonstrating without doubt that they descend from a
near common ancestor. Their haplotypes are not only unique, their
closest
matches at Ysearch have genetic distances of 5 at 12 markers, 9 at 25 markers,
17 at 37 markers, and 25 at 67 markers. These genetic distances are
huge,
and they mean no one even remotely related to them "in genealogical time"
has yet been tested. There are no comparable test subjects, at all,
in the SMGF (Sorensen Molecular Genealogy Foundation) database. Their
lack of matches stems in part from unusual values at four markers (green
table cells): DYS390, which is most commonly 23, less commonly 22,
rarely 21 (11%); DYS391, which is generally 10 or 11, rarely 9 (3%); DYS392,
which is usually 11 in Haplogroup J; and, especially, DYS425, which is
usually 12t — 10t is unique! |
#62917, #86809, and #145426 have completed deep SNP
testing, with these results:
| M304+ M172+ L26+ L27+ M67+ |
M92- M163- M166- |
The positive M304 result proves they are Haplogroup J; the positive M172
result proves they are subclade J2; the positive results for L26 and L27
prove they are J2a4; and the positive M67 result proves they are J2a4b.
The negative results for M92, M163, and M166 prove they are not a subclade
of J2a4b.
| M267- M62- M365- M390- M367- M368- M369- |
M289- M340- |
M47- M68- M339- L24- L25- M137- M158- |
M12- M102- M205- M99- M280- |
The first set of these negative results redundantly proves they are not
J1 or any of its subclades. The second set of negative results redundantly
proves they are not J2a1 or J2a2. The third set of negative results
redundantly proves they are not some other subclade of J2a4. The
last set of negative results redundantly proves they are not J2b or any
of its subclades.
It's a virtual certainty that all CARRICOs with haplotypes matching
at the above levels will be the same haplogroup (i.e., have
the same SNP mutations). It is always desirable that a second member
undergo these deep SNP tests, as confirmation. Now that three members
have completed this testing, your project admin recommends other members
invest in STR testing of additional cousins or maxing out their STR markers,
rather than their own deep SNP testing — unless, of course, money is no
object or you're just curious, then test away. There's no such thing
as too much proof. |
Update (7 Sep 2011): #86809 has taken the L210 SNP, with the
result that he was negative.
Update (2 Feb 2012): #86809 has taken three of the new "Z" SNPs
(viz., Z502, Z508, and Z509). Results were negative for all
three. |
| A backbone (basic) SNP test result of M172+ confirms that #N9852 is
J-2. |
|
.
| In STR testing, not all repeats are complete segments. When results
are reported, the partial segments can be rounded up, rounded down, or
expressed as a decimal fraction. In the case of DYS710, it has a
0.2 "micro allele," a partial segment that may or may not be present (please
see frequency
distribution of DYS710 results on the DNP-Fingerprint web site).
A result of 33.2 occurs in 12% of those tested. |
| DYS425 is part of the DYF371 palindromic set. The nearly universal
value for this marker is 12, so its rare value of 10 raised the question
as to whether there are any other anomalies in this set. DYS425 shows
up here as the t-allele in the DYF371 set; our CARRICOs appear to be the
only individuals ever tested to have a value of 10t at this marker.
A value of 9 for any of the DYF371 alleles is uncommon, being known in
just a few individuals, all of whom are Haplogroup J. Our closest
match in the DNA-Fingerprint Ymatch database is #6122.70, who is the only
J-2f (=J-2a4b) in the database; he has the "normal" value of 12 for the
t-allele.
To compare results of advanced markers, see the DNA-Fingerprint
Ymatch database. You can pull up all results in the database
by entering % in any field (except "country"). You can pull up results
for all subclades of Haplogroup J by entering just "j" in the "yhgroup"
field.
Don't be confused by the ordering of the numbers in the
database or in your test results. By convention, the laboratories
automatically put the alleles in alpha-numeric order, from low to high;
hence, the DYF371 results were returned by FTDNA as 9c-10c-10t-14c.
But when comparing results, the single t-allele is customarilly placed
second, so the order is changed in the table above. Not everyone
in the Ymatch database corrected the order of their results as they entered
them, so you see the t-allele in various positions there. |
| #136280 has a deliberate and documented surname change from CARRICO
to BLAINE in his lineage. |
| #237923 is surnamed PHELPS but is a tight match with the CARRICO haplotype,
so he appears to have an NPE in his line. |
| The individual with ????? for a kit number was tested at FTDNA, but
did not join the project, so I don't know his kit number. The test
subject is now deceased. |
| #86809 has undergone a Kittler test proving the order of the two alleles
at 385ab is "lo-hi," that is, 12-17. (Standard testing does not reveal
the true order of the two values. By convention, they are reported
"lo-hi," but without a Kittler test, the actual order is unknown.)
Now that one member has taken the Kittler test, there's no real need for
anyone else to take it as you should all have the same result. |
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