Comparison of BigY SNP and STR Results for CARRICO Family

Table of Contents

Diana, Goddess of the Hunt — for Ancestors!

'Diana of Versailles' Louvre Museum [PD-US]

Every-Name Index

Comparison of BigY Tested CARRICOs
Descendants of Peter CARRICO, 1674 Immigrant to Maryland

Four members of the CARRICO Y-DNA Surname Project — all good Y-DNA STR matching patrilineal line descendants of Peter CARRICO, 1674 immigrant to Maryland — have been BigY tested, namely:
• two descendants of Charles CARRICO of MD, KY, and Sullivan Co., IN
• two descendants of Matthew Gillaspie CARRICO of Spencer Co., KY, and Panola Co., TX

All four have submitted their BigY BAM files to YFull.com for analysis both to refine their geographic origin and to find out if the detailed SNP results and/or the added STR results could aid in identifying lines of descent from their progenitor, Peter CARRICO I. Their results are compared in the tables below.

Their terminal SNP on the YFull Experimental J2 Haplotree is Y16995, and they are alone in this subclade. The more unique SNPs a subclade possesses, the more SNP mutations have occurred since their last common ancestor. Our CARRICOs possess 53 unique SNPs separating them from their nearest upstream clade. This huge genetic distance places their most recent common ancestor at 9400 ± 325 YBP (years before present), which means they are so distantly related to anyone else that, alas, their Y-DNA haplogroup subclade gives us little clue as to their geographic origin in historical times, unless and until they get a match to someone with a known geographic origin in the Old World. In other words, the long-standing dispute over whether the CARRICOs were French or Portuguese is still not settled.

The mutation defining J2-M67 occurred an estimated 11.6 ± 2.6 thousand years ago. Today, the subclade is distributed thinly throughout southern and eastern Europe, the Middle East, and northern Africa, but is concentrated in Italy and the countries surrounding the eastern Black Sea, namely, Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, and southern Russia. See Figure 2, Map E in Semino et al. (2004. American Journal of Human Genetics 74(5):1023-1034) for distribution of J-M67.

If YFull is showing our last common ancestor at ca. 9400 YBP, it makes sense that we are a very early offshoot of J-M67.

It is interesting to note, from Semino's map, that the distribution of J-M67 is focused in the area east of the Black Sea, in the region of Dmanisi, an extremely important historical, archaeological, and paleoanthropological site (see Dmanisi at Wikipedia and linked articles).

As it happens, the FTDNA BigY test actually includes more than SNPs; it returns results for upwards of 500 or more STR markers (including the 111 standard FTDNA markers). FTDNA does not supply these STR results along with the BigY SNP Results, but for a fee, YFull will extract them. These STR results are not put on public display, but each individual can view them by logging in to their YFull account.

Bear in mind that one reason FTDNA does not display these markers is that these do not undergo FTDNA's usual quality control process. There may be errors in these readings.

Not every STR gets a read, at all, so each person will have somewhat fewer than 500+ STR marker results, and because we are testing near relatives, nearly all of our STR values will be the same, just as they were with the standard FTDNA 111 markers. It was hoped that in looking at these added markers we might find enough variation to separate lines in the family.

With all four data sets now returned — two descendants of Charles and two descendants of Matthew Gillaspie — we find that they do have consistent STR marker differences! This bodes well for eventually being able to identify family lines using these markers. But note that the weaknesses of this comparison are 1) that the two descendants of Matthew are much more closely related than the two descendants of Charles, and 2) that we do not have a tested pair with a documented paper connection to Peter. If you are such an individual, please get BigY tested.

And please note that, at 111 markers, the descendants of Charles and Matthew were already considered a close match, with a probable common ancestor downstream of Peter I. So, if we can distinguish these two branches, it may be even easier to distinguish other branches of the famly tree.

genetic genealogy

BigY Tested CARRICOs

FTNDA #	YFull#	Name	Patrilineal Ancestry
143924	YF03978	Paul	Pvt⁶	Max William⁵	John Robert⁴	Charles G³	Basil²	Charles¹
160239	YF05009	Don	Austin R⁵		Josiah Converse⁴	Basil Jordan³	Josiah²	Charles¹
145426	YF04066	Fred	John Eugene⁴		Winant Gillaspy³	William David²	Matthew Gillaspie¹
256091	YF06037	Phil	Vernon Gillaspie⁴		Winant Gillaspy³	William David²	Matthew Gillaspie¹

BigY Data from "Matching" Tab at FTDNA (as of 18 Jun 2016)

Number of Matching SNPs

FTDNA#	Name	Paul	Don	Fred	Phil
143924	Paul		26,345	26,072	26,197
160239	Don	26,345		26,289	26,572
145426	Fred	26,072	26,289		26,175
256091	Phil	26,197	26,572	26,175

Number of Shared Novel Variants

FTDNA#	Name	Paul	Don	Fred	Phil
143924	Paul		145	146	163
160239	Don	145		138	187
145426	Fred	146	138		155
256091	Phil	163	187	155

Novel Variants

Ancestral for All Four CARRICOs
6250465, 7030169, 7037795, 7339420, 7878510, 7910634, 7972511, 8031784, 8037421, 8070491, 8119001, 8291185, 8391469, 8791959, 8806074, 9159717, 9425946, 9436282, 18519121, 18941233, 18981776, 19039077, 19123575, 19360123, 19408471, 19591984, 19616979, 19682335, 19733398, 19790628, 20815243, 21041095, 21340538, 21403266, 21713762, 21782651, 21923739, 21925528, 21930574, 22241918, 22242700, 2243175, 22243798, 22243815, 22244242, 22244290, 22244317, 22244401, 22244514, 2244675, 22244750, 22257484, 22265453, 22265629, 22265727, 22265817, 22281387, 2281397, 22281430, 22281460, 22309641, 22318893, 22539088, 22609229, 23195557, 3298309, 23380300, 23408938, 23471503, 23546963, 23621172, 23640151, 23641771, 3643159, 24287968, 24426922, 24430190, 24807178, 25342445, 25402986
Derived for Paul and Don Only		Derived for Fred and Phil Only
7158945, 175343888, 18318533, 22240888, 22244804, 22317372		22224622, 22253461
Private for Paul	Private for Don	Private for Fred	Private for Phil
9320454, 22231783, 22231790, 22242293, 22242328, 22254818, 22254873, 22265585, 22265599, 22265610, 22279232, 22279295, 22294869	7534406, 15405302, 19103157, 22244581, 22278052, 22278262, 22303211, 22303225, 22317378, 22438971	8502862, 10038100, 10038717, 13211463, 13254909, 13673359, 13682543, 13713740	22246815, 22253480, 22257537, 22257553, 22265411, 22265416, 22265911, 22265920, 22265930, 22277862, 22281503, 22281510, 22281520

The most parsimonious path for three of them to be derived for a variant, with a fourth one ancestral, is if the fourth one has a back mutation downstream of the other three, thus making the ancestral back mutation Private for that individual. However, because back-mutations in a few generations are improbable, the most likely scenario here is that one of the tests failed, that is, the variant is most likely ancestral for all four, so I'm going to ignore them for the present.

Derived for Paul, Don, and Fred, but not for Phil.

13683661, 13684562, 13698219, 13716959, 13721754, 14106407, 14175308, 14282749, 14323895, 14379618, 14398912, 14541948, 14603639

Derived for Paul, Don, and Phil, but not for Fred.

6141514, 7396550, 22265453, 22265629, 22265727, 22265817, 22265874, 22281356, 22281387, 22281397, 22281430, 22281460, 22309635

Derived for Paul, Fred, and Phil, but not for Don.

22242777, 22254639, 22254669, 22257455

Derived for Don, Fred, and Phil, but not for Paul.

6676553, 7867941, 21287447, 21766568, 22242610, 22242681, 22243922, 22244211, 22244410, 22244458, 22244643, 22244688

There are two most parsimonious ways for one of each of the related pairs to be derived for two variants. One is for the new, derived mutation to have appeared independently, twice. The other is for a back-mutation to the ancestral condition to have appeared independently, twice, in a variant that was derived for the four of them. To determine which is the case would require testing more CARRICOs. On the other hand, the most likely scenario is that one of more of these tests failed, so I'm going to ignore these at the moment.

Derived for Paul and Fred Only

none

Derived for Paul and Phil Only

22231745, 22254503, 22257711, 22258522, 22275642, 22275649, 22275676, 22279707, 22307369, 22309613, 22313229, 22318836, 22318855

Derived for Don and Fred Only

16441973, 17919809

Derived for Don and Phil Only

9755847, 18414431, 21091068, 22244556, 22265459, 22303257, 22313027, 22325422, 22339620, 22339639, 22340345, 22340347, 22438895

CARRICO Y-DNA SNP Haplotree

SNPs			Subject(s)
6250465, 7030169, 7037795, 7339420, 7878510, 7910634, 7972511, 8031784, 8037421, 8070491, 8119001, 8291185, 8391469, 8791959, 8806074, 9159717, 9425946, 9436282, 18519121, 18941233, 18981776, 19039077, 19123575, 19360123, 19408471, 19591984, 19616979, 19682335, 19733398, 19790628, 20815243, 21041095, 21340538, 21403266, 21713762, 21782651, 21923739, 21925528, 21930574, 22241918, 22242700, 2243175, 22243798, 22243815, 22244242, 22244290, 22244317, 22244401, 22244514, 2244675, 22244750, 22257484, 22265453, 22265629, 22265727, 22265817, 22281387, 2281397, 22281430, 22281460, 22309641, 22318893, 22539088, 22609229, 23195557, 3298309, 23380300, 23408938, 23471503, 23546963, 23621172, 23640151, 23641771, 3643159, 24287968, 24426922, 24430190, 24807178, 25342445, 25402986			All Four
____	7158945, 175343888, 18318533, 22240888, 22244804, 22317372		Paul & Don
	____	9320454, 22231783, 22231790, 22242293, 22242328, 22254818, 22254873, 22265585, 22265599, 22265610, 22279232, 22279295, 22294869	Private for Paul
		7534406, 15405302, 19103157, 22244581, 22278052, 22278262, 22303211, 22303225, 22317378, 22438971	Private for Don
	22224622, 22253461		Fred & Phil
	____	8502862, 10038100, 10038717, 13211463, 13254909, 13673359, 13682543, 13713740	Private for Fred
		22246815, 22253480, 22257537, 22257553, 22265411, 22265416, 22265911, 22265920, 22265930, 22277862, 22281503, 22281510, 22281520	Private for Phil

The next tables come from the "BigY — Results" page at these members' FTDNA accounts. I'm having trouble reconciling the data between the "Known SNPs" tab and the "Matching" tab. Apparently, I don't understand what this value represents.

Number of Known SNP Differences as Shown on "Matching" Tab

FTDNA#	Name	Paul	Don	Fred	Phil
143924	Paul		1	1	1
160239	Don	1		0	1
145426	Fred	1	0		2
256091	Phil	1	1	2

Haplotrees

ISOGG Haplotree for Haplogroup J (as of 14 Dec 2016)

The ISOGG haplotree is the only one of the major trees still giving clades hierarchical labels.

SNPs							Clade
M304							J
____	M267						J1
	M172						J2
	____	M410					J2a
		____	L26				J2a1
			____	M47			J2a1a
				M67			J2a1b¹
				____	M92, M260/Page 14		J2a1b1
					____	L556, L560___	J2a1b1a
					M166		J2a1b2
					L210, L218, L227		J2a1b3
				M68			J2a1c
				M319			J2a1d
				M339			J2a1e
				M419			J2a1f
				P81/PF4275			J2a1g
				F4168/L24/S286, L207.1			J2a1h
				L88.2, L198			J2a1i
			L581				J2a2
		M12					J2b

¹plus subclades, but not including ours.

FTDNA Haplotree for Haplogroup J (as of 14 Dec 2016)

SNP

Clade

M304

J-M304

M267

J-M267

M172

J-M172

M410

J-M410

CTS7683

J-CTS7683

L26

J-L26

PF5088

J-PF5088

PF5125

J-PF5125

Z2227

J-Z2227

Z1846

J-Z1846

M67

J-M67

Z1847

J-Z1847

Y4036

J-Y4036

Z28551, Z6268

J-Z28551

YFull Experimental Haplotree for Haplogroup J (as of 14 Dec 2016)

SNP (# of defining SNPs)

Clade

M304 (146)

M267 (185)

M172 (30)

M410 (117)

J-M410

PF4610 (22)

J-PF4610

L26 (27)

J-L26

PF5087 (2)

J-PF5087

PF5116 (4)

J-PF5116

PF5119 (23)

J-PF5119

L558 (11)

J-L558

M67 (13)

J-M67

Y4036 (1)

J-Y4036

Y17067 (46)

J-Y17067

Y16995 (53)

J-Y16995

YFull Analyses (as of 14 Jul 2016)

Shared SNPs — TMRCA 325 (600<->175) YBP
Shared + Assumed Shared = All Shared

FTDNA#	YFull#	Name	Paul	Don	Fred	Phil
143924	3978	Paul		73 + 15 = 88	71 + 16 = 87	74 + 13 = 87
160239	5009	Don	73 + 15 = 88		77 + 16 = 93	73 + 19 = 92
145426	4066	Fred	71 + 16 = 87	77 + 16 = 93		67 + 23 = 90
256091	6037	Phil	75 + 13 = 88	73 + 19 = 92	69 + 22 = 90

Novel SNPs

FTDNA#	YFull#	Name	Quality				One Reading	INDELs
FTDNA#	YFull#	Name	Best	Acceptable	Ambiguous	Low	One Reading	INDELs
143924	3978	Paul		`ChrY: 19199131 YFS4988895 pvt` `ChrY: 19199132 YFS4988896 pvt`	`34`	`0`	`0`	`2`
160239	5009	Don		`ChrY: 19103158 YFS1282100 pvt` `ChrY: 28533129 YFS1282484 up to J-Y16995`	`20`	`0`	`0`	`0`
145426	4066	Fred	`ChrY: 8502862 YF506580 pvt`		`13`	`0`	`1`	`0`
256091	6037	Phil	`ChrY: 16893313 YFS1867632 pvt` `ChrY: 21076577 YFS1867672 pvt`	`ChrY: 6731232 YFS1867383 up to J-Y16995` `ChrY: 21790594 YFS1867676 up to J-Y16995`	`20`	`0`	`0`	`0`

STR Matches
cf = compared STRs | diff = differences

FTDNA#	YFull#	Name	# of markers reported	Paul		Don		Fred		Phil
FTDNA#	YFull#	Name	# of markers reported	# cf	# diff	# cf	# diff	# cf	# diff	# cf	# diff
143924	3978	Paul	496			425	13	425	15	411	14
160239	5009	Don	500	425	13			430	19	423	16
145426	4066	Fred	497	425	15	430	19			416	9
256091	6037	Phil	500	411	14	423	16	416	9

For comparison purposes, YFull counts only those differences where both had a returned value.

STR Differences — Close Matches: Four
Our subjects are matching for most of their 496-500 markers, with their differences tabulated below.
Branch or possible branch mutations in bright blue or orange; private or apparently private mutations in bright yellow.

FTDNA#	YFull#	Name	STR Marker Differences
			CDY	DYF	DYR																			DYS
			.2	386.3	3	30	55	70	75	81	82	119	124.3	125.1	126	130	139	158	159	163	164	165	170	504	611	684	685	686	688	701	711	713	714	723
Ancestral					11	14	13		14		10					13	17	14	16	32	26		40		18		39					42		21
143924	3978	Paul	36	15	10	13	12	11	14	36	10	17	14	23	10	n/a	21	15	16	33	26	43	40	16	19	56	40	20	n/a	5	n/a	43	26	22
160239	5009	Don	37	14	11	13	12	12	14	36.a	10	18	14	23	9	13	20	14	18	33	29	42	40	15	19	n/a	39	21	71	5	57	42	26	22
145426	4066	Fred	37	15	10	15	12	11	15	36	11	17	13	22	10	12	18	15	17	33	27	40	41	16	19	55	41	21	70	6	56	44	25	22
256091	6037	Phil	n/a	15	10	n/a	13	11	15	36	11	17	14	23	9	13	17	15	17	32	27	39	41	16	18	n/a	41	21	n/a	5	n/a	44	26	21

STR Differences — Distant Matches:--None

We're so different from anyone else, we don't even have distant matches!

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asdf

FTDNA#	YFull#	-
143924	3978	-
160239	pending	-
145426	4066	-
256091	pending	-

asdf
asdf

FTDNA#	YFull#	3978	pending	4066	pending
143924	3978		-	-	-
160239	pending	-		-	-
145426	4066	-	-		-
256091	pending	-	-	-

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