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Lineages and Results of Y-DNA Testing for Surname LYON / LYONS
Haplogroup R1b-DF5 — LYON(S) of Middlesex, England
Project
Home		 Results
Hub		 Y-DNA Haplogroups Represented in the Project
(number of individuals / number of families)		 Member
Index		 Earliest
Ancestor
Index
E
(3/2)		 I1
(10/3)		 I2
(12/3)		 J1
(1/1)		 J2
(3/3)		 N
(1/1)		 R1a
(3/2)		 R1b
(77/32)
This genetic family includes several well known LYON progenitors in the United States, namely:
Richard LYON
of Fairfield, CT 		 Henry LYON
of Newark, NJ		 William LYON
of Roxbury, MA
Richard and Henry have long been alleged to be brothers, and DNA test results support a close relationship between them, but the connection to William of Roxbury came as a surprise.  Significantly, William has an origin in Middlesex, England, putting a damper on the legend — and it never was more than a legend — that Richard and Henry originated in Glen Lyon, Perthshire, Scotland (see mention of Glen Lyon in the "History" section of the Wikipedia entry on Clan Lyon).  Also surprisingly, this group does not include Thomas LYON of Rye, NY, who was long alleged to be a brother of Richard and Henry (see Lineage III); he is definitely not related in genealogical time. 

This family is the "Haplogroup R1b - Lineage I" of the FTDNA-WFN Lyon(s) Surname Project.

The family carries all eight STR mutations typical for Haplogroup R-DF5 (highlighted in bright cyan). 

Please also see SNP Haplotree for Middlesex LYON(S).

Last update to this site: 25 Dec 2016.
FTDNA SNP Path:  R1b-M343/P25 > L389 > P297 > CTS623 > M269 > L150 > L23 > L51 > P311 > P312 > L21 > DF13 > DF21 > Z30233 > CTS8704 > Z246 >  DF25 > DF5
To view lineages, please scroll to the right. 
Genetic distance is from the family's modal values, not from the R-DF21 or R-DF5 modal.
Genetic Distance
(per panel)		 Earliest Ancestor Kit# Ysearch
UserID		 Deep
SNP
Testing		 Most
Down-
stream
Positive
SNP
Actually
Tested		   Panel 1 — Standard Markers 1-12   Panel 2 — Standard Markers 13-25   Panel 3 — Standard Markers 26-37   Panel 4 — Standard Markers 38-67   Panel 5 — Standard Markers 68-111   Sources
Sample Sizes (n)
Patrilineal Lines
STR PP3 PP5 MP6 MP7 MP8 MP9 [mixed] MP10 [EA] MP11 [SMGF] MP12 [all new] MP13 [mixed]
12 25 37 67 111 3
9
3		 3
9
0		 19
/
3
9
4		 3
9
1		 a
|
3
8
5		 b
|
3
8
5		 4
2
6		 3
8
8		 4
3
9		 i
|
3
8
9		 3
9
2		 ii
|
3
8
9		 4
5
8		 a
|
4
5
9		 b
|
4
5
9		 4
5
5		 4
5
4		 4
4
7		 4
3
7		 4
4
8		 4
4
9		 a
|
4
6
4		 b
|
4
6
4		 c
|
4
6
4		 d
|
4
6
4		 e
|
4
6
4		 f
|
4
6
4		 4
6
0		 H4
|
G
A
T
A		 IIa
|
Y
C
A		 IIb
|
Y
C
A		 4
5
6		 6
0
7		 5
7
6		 5
7
0		 a
|
C
D
Y		 b
|
C
D
Y		 4
4
2		 4
3
8		 5
3
1		 5
7
8		 a
|
S1
3
9
5		 b
|
S1
3
9
5		 5
9
0		 5
3
7		 6
4
1		 4
7
2		 S1
4
0
6		 5
1
1		 4
2
5		 a
|
4
1
3		 b
|
4
1
3		 5
5
7		 5
9
4		 4
3
6		 4
9
0		 5
3
4		 4
5
0		 4
4
4		 4
8
1		 5
2
0		 4
4
6		 6
1
7		 5
6
8		 4
8
7		 5
7
2		 6
4
0		 4
9
2		 5
6
5		 7
1
0		 4
8
5		 6
3
2		 4
9
5		 5
4
0		 7
1
4		 7
1
6		 7
1
7		 5
0
5		 5
5
6		 5
4
9		 5
8
9		 5
2
2		 4
9
4		 5
3
3		 6
3
6		 5
7
5		 6
3
8		 4
6
2		 4
5
2		 4
4
5		 A10
|
G
A
T
A		 4
6
3		 4
4
1		 1B
07
|
GG
AA
T		 5
2
5		 7
1
2		 5
9
3		 6
5
0		 5
3
2		 7
1
5		 5
0
4		 5
1
3		 5
6
1		 5
5
2		 7
2
6		 6
3
5		 5
8
7		 6
4
3		 4
9
7		 5
1
0		 4
3
4		 4
6
1		 4
3
5
R-DF21 Modal Values Z77DP       13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 17       11 11 19 23 16 15 18 17 36 37 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 16 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 26 26 19 12 11 13 12 11 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 20 15 18 13 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 10 14 17 9 12 11   per DGM
R-DF5 Modal Values W849B       13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       11 11 19 23 15 15 18 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 13 12 11 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 20 15 18 13 24 16 12 15 24 12 23 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   per DGM
English: Middlesex Family Modal Values M9GNF       13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   n=24 at 12 markers; n=22 at 25 markers; n=18 at 37 markers; n=14 at 67 markers; n=11 at 111 markers
                                               
2 0 2     John LYON of Rystippe 252146         14 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 11 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 16 15 17 17 36 39 12 12                                                                                                                                                           Pvt… [please share lineage] John1 LYON (1470- ) — of Rystippe, Middlesex, England
1 0 0 0 1 Richard LYON of Fairfield 161731   BigY  DF5   13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 14 13 30   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12  25 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 12 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt12 Pvt11 Geo Franklin10 Geo Henry9 Orva Oliver8 Orva E7 Levi6 Abraham5 Gershom4 Daniel3 Richard2 Richard1 LYON (c1610s-1678)
of Fairfield, CT
0 0       A-DNA-43         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15           12 12                                         13     13                                                     11 31 13 13 25 13 10                       24           12     Pvt12 Pvt11 Aubrey10 Edward9 Luther8 Jacob7 Seth6 Jacob5 Daniel4
0 0 0 0   265936         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12                                                                                             Pvt11 Pvt10  Herbert9 Frederick8 Henry7 Walter6
0 1 0 0 0 435993         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt… [please share lineage] 
0 0 0 0 0 436007         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt… [please share lineage]
0 0 0 1 2 Henry LYON of Newark 187649 HHNYB       13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 24 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   36 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 11 12 12 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt10 Pvt9 James Hamilton8 John7 Noah6 Benjamin5 Peter4 Ebenezer3 Ebenezer2 Henry1 LYON (c1624-c1708) 
of Fairfield, CT, then Newark, NJ
1 1 0 0 1 374125         13 24 15 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17 15 15   10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 19 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt10 David Mansfield9 Leverett Samuel8 Edward Payson7 Caleb6 Caleb5 Samuel4 Benjamin3 Benjamin2
0 1 0 1   265950         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 28 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 17 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12                                                                                             Pvt13 Pvt12 Oscar Leland11 Oscar Lee10 John Nuel9 Andrew Jackson8 John S7 John6 Stephen5 Thomas4 Thomas3 Thomas2
0 0 0 1   William LYON of Roxbury 195761 SMPDE       13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 6 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12                                                                                             Pvt10 Pvt9 Walter Hamilton8 Charles Phillip7 Obediah6 Obediah5 Obabiah4 Abiel3 Samuel2 William1 LYON (1620-1692)
of Heston, Middlesex, ENG,
then Roxbury, Sufflolk Co., MA
0 0 0 0 1 197114         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 19 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt12 Pvt11 Pvt10 Erton Beebe9 Frederick Allston8 Augustus W7 Porter6 Josiah5 William4 Jacob3 William2
0         (RYL)         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Pvt10 Pvt9 Frank Emory8 Lyman T7 Samuel6 Jacob5 Philip4
2 0 0 2 0 469488         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 11 13 13 30   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 16 8 13 23 20 14 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt11 Everett William10 LINSCOTT Ernest Whitney9 Sheffield Hayward8 German Senter7 Wm Read6 Jonathan5 Jonathan4 Samuel3
0 1 0     30543         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12                                                                                                                                                           Pvt12 Pvt11 Harry Alva10 Wm Henry9 Isaac Perry8 William7 John6 Caleb5 Caleb4 John3 John2
1 1 1 1 0 202951   Z246 Pack DF5   13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 11 13 13 29   18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 16 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 24 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 26 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt12 Pvt11 Bertram10 Edward9 Levi8 Eliphalet7 John6 Eliphalet5 Gould4 Thomas B3 Thomas2
0 1 0 1 2 Henry LYON of Jefferson N19878         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 24 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 26 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 21 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt8 Pvt7 George Edwin6 James Everett5 Edwin Cornelius4 Henry G3 James Robert2 Henry1 LYON (1767-1862) of Jefferson Co., NY
0         364604         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Pvt8 Pvt7 James Robert6
0 0 3 0 1 Nathaniel LYON of Saranac 366331         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 10 19 23 15 15 18 18 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 12 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt6 Pvt5 Frederick R4 Elmore L3 Lewis2 Nathaniel1 LYON (1770-1836) — of MA > VT > Saranac, NY
0 0       Alexander LYON of Sandgate SMGF-1         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15           12 12                                         13     13                                                     11 31 13 13 25 13 10                       24           12     Pvt7 Pvt6 William Alexander5 George O4 George O3 James2 Alexander1 LYON (1776-1851) of Sandgate, Bennington Co., VT
1 0       Chas Wm LYON of St. Louis SMGF-2         13 24 12 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15           12 12                                         13     13                                                     11 31 13 13 25 13 10                       24           12     Pvt4 Pvt3 Charles William2 Charles William1 LYON (1850- ) of St. Louis, MO
1         George LYONS of NJ > MS A-DNA-30         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 14 29   17 9 10 11 11 25   19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23               12                                                                                                             25 13                                     12     Pvt7 Pvt6 Pvt5 Clarence Holiday4 Lemuel Artemus3 William Polemiel2 George E1 LYONS (1811/2-1885) of NJ and Lowndes Co., MS
2 0 0     Richard LYON of Kent Co MI 29716         13 25 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 14 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12                                                                                                                                                           Pvt4 Pvt3 Ulysses Clair2 Richard1 LYON (1846-1924) — of Kent Co., MI
0 1 0     Moses LYON(S) of Southwark 194967         13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 16       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12                                                                                                                                                           Pvt6 Seabury Ashley5 Seabury Hull4 William Henry3 William Osborne2 Moses1 LYON(S) (1787-1869) — Newark, NJ > Southwark, PA > Philadelphia, PA
0 0 1 0 0 William H THORP of NY B63883 P6PVM YSeq Indv DF5   13 24 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17       10 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 39 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt5 Pvt4 Clifton Willard3 William H2 Nancy A.1 THORP — Putnam Co., OH > Allen Co., OH > Defiance Co., OH > Cattaraugus Co., NY 
1 1 1 0 1 David COMBS of (W)VA 293554   Z246 Pack DF5   13 24 14 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 13 29   17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 16 16 17       11 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 36 38 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12   35 15 9 16 12 25 26 20 12 11 11 12 11 9 13 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 25 13 10 10 20 15 20 12 24 16 12 15 24 12 25 18  9 14 17 9 12 11   Pvt6 Pvt5 Stanley Arnold4 Thomas Ira3 Thomas Wesley2 David A1 COMBS (1784-1871) — Hampshire Co., (W)VA > Harrison Co., IN
Discussion:
This group consists of two individuals tested at the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation (SMGF), two tested at Ancestry (A-DNA), and the rest tested at FamilyTreeDNA.  These individuals are matching well enough to support that they have a near common ancestor in genealogical time.  It would be desirable for those tested at SMGF and A-DNA to be retested at FTNDA and desirable for everyone to upgrade to at least 67, preferably 111 markers.  The more markers tested, the more confidence and precision we have in making connections.
The modal haplotype for this family is not far off the R1b modal haplotype, which means they have many coincidental matches and near matches in the various online databases.  Given this resemblance to the R1b modal, it would be desirable for everyone in this family to test at least 67 markers, preferably the full 111.  Note that this family has only one signature marker in the first two Panels, only three in the first 37 markers, and only six in the entire 67 standard markers.  Yet they have eight signature markers in Panel 5, alone, which is another reason to upgrade to 111 markers.
In the standard test for marker DYS385a/b, the order of the alleles is unknown, but by convention, they are reported Lo-Hi.  There is a test, called the Kittler test, that can determine the actual order of the alleles.  #161731 has taken this test, and it turns out he is Hi-Lo.  This is actually the modal order for Haplogroup R1b.  Once one family member has taken this test, there is no need for others to take it.  The markers are still displayed Lo-Hi, so results in the database can be compared consistently.
While it might seem that #161731 has a GD (genetic distance) of 2 from the modal haplotype (see Panel 1), in fact, any change in DYS389i is reflected in DYS389ii, so the GD is actually only one (i.e., it represents just one mutation event, at DYS389i, only).
LYON #161731, a descendant of Richard LYON of Fairfied, CT, has been SNP tested with these results:
L49+, P311+, DF21+, DF25+, DF5+, P312+, Z246+, Z248+, L21+, L459+, L23+, M343+, M306+, Z245+, P224+, P297+, DF13+, L51+, M9+, M89+, M42+, M168+, CTS3655-, L1402-, L1403-, L1446-, L1447-, Z254-, L4-, L1-, L2-, L20-, L627-, L658-, M335-, M126-, M153-, M160-, M222-, M37-, P66-, U106-, V88-, L172-, L144-, L159-, L193-, L226-, L96-, P314-, V45-

LYON #202951, a descendant of William LYON of Roxbury, MA, has also been SNP tested, with these results:
P312+, L21+, DF25+, DF5+, M222-, U106-, L257-

THORP #B63883, with an apparent LYON patrilineal line ancestor, has tested these SNPs:
DF5+, S191+, L605-, L640-, PF3023-, Y17306- YP5323-, ZS12222-

For a discussion of these and other SNP results, please see this page.
What constitutes a match?
Matches in other surnames are usually mere coincidence, so please ignore them — I'll let you know when you shouldn't!
For 12 markers: 9 or less is a non-relative; for 10-12 markers, please see this table compiled by FTDNA.
For 25 markers: 21 or less is a non-relative; for 22-25 markers,
For 37 markers: 31 or less is a non-relative; for 32-37 markers,
For 67 markers: 59 or less is a non-relative; for 60-67 markers,
For 111 markers: 100 or less is a non-relative; for 101-111 markers,
For any test:  0 matching markers, please contact NASA.
 

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