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Lineages and Results of Y-chromosome DNA Testing for Surname RASEY
and Similar Surnames, such as, RAZEE, RACEY, RAZEY, RASAY, RAASAY, RAASEY, RACIE, RACEE, RASY, RASSY, RACY, RAZY, RACE, RAZE, RAISEY, RAISY, RASIE, RAYSAY, RAYSE, etc.
So far, the RASEY Surname Project has results returned for four members representing two major progenitors in the United States: Joseph RAZEE I of Massachusetts, then Rhode Island and Joseph RASEY I of Massachusetts, then New Hampshire.  Testing just these four individuals has resolved two long-standing issues for RASEY/RAZEE/etc. genealogists:

1.  Although both progenitors turn out to be Haplogroup_I2b1, their STR haplotypes indicate they are not closely related, debunking the assertion that Joseph RAZEE I was the father of Joseph RASEY I.  Update (29 Nov 2011):  they also differ on the value of the L380 SNP, although the position of this SNP on the haplotree has not as yet been determined, even on the FTDNA "draft" tree.  Wherever it is, it's more evidence that the two Joseph's are not closely related, that is, not in genealogical time — we're all related if you go back far enough.

2.  The results for the descendants of Joseph RASEY I debunk the legend of a connection to Malcolm MacLEOD of the Isle of Raasay, Scotland, whose kin are Haplogroup R1b.  Being in different haplogroups means they cannot possibly have shared a common ancestor for thousands of years.

  
Haplogroup I is found almost exclusively in Europe where it is represented in about 20% of the population, making it the second most common haplogroup in western Europe, after R1b.  Overall, Hg I has a broad European distribution, from the British Isles east to the Ural Mountains of Russia and south to Anatolia and the Mediterranean Sea.  Hg I is divided into two main groups:  I1 and I2, with the former being more common than the latter.
It's difficult to generalize about I2 because it contains a number of geographically separate subgroups.  The two basic divisions of I2 are I2a and I2b.  The main subgroup of I2a is concentrated in the Balkans and is called "Dinaric" (named for a mountain range there, the Dinaric Alps), while another subgroup of I2a is found around the Baltic and North Sea coastal areas, another in the British Isles, and another in Sardinia and Iberia.  One subgroup of I2b, called "Isles," is almost exclusive to the British Isles, with a high concentration in Scotland, while the subgroup of I2b, dubbed "Continental," is most common in northwestern Europe, southern Scandinavia, and Britain.  Our members turn out to be clusters of I2b1 designated "Continental."  I2b1 is believed to have originated in western France and to have spread from there northwards into Scandinavia and eastwards to the Black Sea.
If you are interested in your deep ancestry, as evidenced by your haplogroup subclade, I would recommend being deep SNP tested, joining the Y-Haplogroup-I2b1 project, and subscribing to the Y-DNA-Haplogroup-I mailing list.
Y-DNA Haplogroup I2 SNPs and Subclades
(An equal sign in the ISOGG column means the value is the same as FTDNA.)
Mutations Standard
FTDNA ISOGG
M170 P19 L41 M258 P212 P38 PS76 U179 V218.2 I =
  M253 I1 =
P215=M438=S31 L68 I2 =
  P37.2 I2a =
  M26 L158 L159.1=S169.1 I2a1 =
  M161 I2a1a I2a1a1
L160 I2a1b I2a1a
M423 L178 I2a2 =
  L69.2(=T)=S163.2   I2a2a
M359.2=P41.2 I2a2a I2a2a1
L161 I2a2b =
L233 I2a3 =
P217=S23 L181 L35=S150 L37=S153 P214=M436=S33 P216=S30 P218=S32 I2b =
  M223 L34=S151 L36=S152 L59 P219=S24 P220=S119 P221=S120 P222=S118=U250 P223=S117 L800 I2b1 =
  M284 I2b1a =
  L126=S165 L137=S 166 I2b1a1 =
M379 I2b1b =
P78 I2b1c =
P95 I2b1d =
L801 (still shown only on FTDNA Draft Tree)    
L39=S155 L38=S154 L40=S156 L65.1=S159.1 I2b2 =
Distribution of Y-DNA Haplogroup I and Its SNP Mutations
-
Distribution Map of Haplogroup I, released to the public domain by Hxseek at Wikipedia.
Image released to the public domain by Hxseek at Wikipedia.
Labels in white are the SNP mutations; percentages are the frequency of Haplogroup I in the population.  SNPs that appear on the map, but not in the chart at the left, are SNPs for Haplogroup I1.  The concentration in Scandinavia and northwestern Europe represents mainly Haplogroup I1, while the concentrations in the Balkans and eastern Europe are mainly Haplogroup I2.
So far, we have four project members representing two separate families.
Haplogroup
Subclade		 SNPs Cluster D
E
M
E		 Earliest Known Patrilineal Ancestor n
I2b1x L801+ Z78+ L380- Continental-1 1 Joseph RAZEE I (1686-<1755) — of Attleboro, MA, and Providence, RI 2
I2b1xx L801+ Z78- L380+ Continental-2a 2 Joseph RASEY I (c1734- ) — of Worcester Co., MA, and Cheshire Co., NH 2
Both demes (families) are positive for L801, but they differ on at least two other downstream SNPs, which appear to be parallel with one another.
Legend of Known Progenitors
John RASYE / RASEY / RAZEY (b. ca. 1530s), of Wiltshire, England
Joseph RAZEE I (1686-1755), Bristol Co., MA > Providence Co., RI
Joseph RASEY I (c1734-1810), Worcester Co., MA > Cheshire Co., NH
Joseph RASEY (b. ca. 1768), of Isle La Motte, VT, through his only known son,
James RASEY / RACEY / RACY (1792-1883) of Franklin Co., NY
This Joseph RASEY is probably a son of Joseph RASEY I (above), but we need proof.
Philip RACEY of Norfolk, England, whose grandson, Luke RACEY (1750-1813), 
immigrated to Pennsylvania in 1773, then settled in Hampshire Co., VA [now WV]
To view more of the page without scrolling, temporarily reduce the text size or page size in your browser.  Red labels indicate markers that typically mutate more frequently than those labeled in black.  (Empty cells that are darkened indicate tests not ordered.)  Keywords for search engines: genetic genealogy.
Haplogroup I2b1x = I-L801
Continental-1 Cluster
Deme 1
To view lineages, please scroll to the right.
Surname Kit# Ysearch
UserID		   Panel 1 — Standard Markers 1-12   Panel 2 — Standard Markers 13-25   Panel 3 — Standard Markers 26-37   Panel 4 — Standard Markers 38-67   Panel 5 — Standard Markers 68-111   Lineages
STR PP3 PP5 MP6 MP7 MP8 MP9 [mixed] MP10 [EA] MP11 [SMGF] MP12 [all new] MP13 [mixed]
3
9
3		 3
9
0		 19
/
3
9
4		 3
9
1		 a
|
3
8
5		 b
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3
8
5		 4
2
6		 3
8
8		 4
3
9		 i
|
3
8
9		 3
9
2		 ii
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3
8
9		 4
5
8		 a
|
4
5
9		 b
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4
5
9		 4
5
5		 4
5
4		 4
4
7		 4
3
7		 4
4
8		 4
4
9		 a
|
4
6
4		 b
|
4
6
4		 c
|
4
6
4		 d
|
4
6
4		 4
6
0		 H4
|
G
A
T
A		 IIa
|
Y
C
A		 IIb
|
Y
C
A		 4
5
6		 6
0
7		 5
7
6		 5
7
0		 a
|
C
D
Y		 b
|
C
D
Y		 4
4
2		 4
3
8		 5
3
1		 5
7
8		 a
|
S1
3
9
5		 b
|
S1
3
9
5		 5
9
0		 5
3
7		 6
4
1		 4
7
2		 S1
4
0
6		 5
1
1		 4
2
5		 a
|
4
1
3		 b
|
4
1
3		 5
5
7		 5
9
4		 4
3
6		 4
9
0		 5
3
4		 4
5
0		 4
4
4		 4
8
1		 5
2
0		 4
4
6		 6
1
7		 5
6
8		 4
8
7		 5
7
2		 6
4
0		 4
9
2		 5
6
5		 7
1
0		 4
8
5		 6
3
2		 4
9
5		 5
4
0		 7
1
4		 7
1
6		 7
1
7		 5
0
5		 5
5
6		 5
4
9		 5
8
9		 5
2
2		 4
9
4		 5
3
3		 6
3
6		 5
7
5		 6
3
8		 4
6
2		 4
5
2		 4
4
5		 A10
|
G
A
T
A		 4
6
3		 4
4
1		 1B
07
|
GG
AA
T		 5
2
5		 7
1
2		 5
9
3		 6
5
0		 5
3
2		 7
1
5		 5
0
4		 5
1
3		 5
6
1		 5
5
2		 7
2
6		 6
3
5		 5
8
7		 6
4
3		 4
9
7		 5
1
0		 4
3
4		 4
6
1		 4
3
5
Continental-1 modals   15 23 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31   15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 14 15   11  9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 39 12 10   11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 10  9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 27 20 11 13 12 12 11 12 12 11   31 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 11 12 11 13 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 23 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 17 9 12 11   modals per Hg I2-M223 Project (2 Feb 2012)
                                     
RAZEE1 70816 99R47   15 23 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31   16 8  9 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 14 15   11  9 19 21 14 14 18 18 32 40 12 10   11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 10 10 12 21 21 16 11 12 12 13 9 13 27 20 11 13 12 12 11 12 12 11   31 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 11 12 10 12 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 23 9 23 14 14 14 28 12 20 18 12 15 17 9 12 11   Pvt6, George Dallas5, Benjamin4, Anthony3, Benjamin2, Joseph1 RAZEE I
RASEY 110919     15 23 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31   15 8  9 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 14 15   11  9 19 21 14 14 18 18 34 40 12 10                                                                                                                                                           Pvt9, Pvt8, Isaac S.7, Norval Adelbert6, Edward Arnold5, Aaron4, Joseph3, Joseph2, Joseph1 RAZEE I
1L1198 SNP test pending.
Based on Jim Cullen's Haplogroup I Subclade Predictor, Deme 1 has a 100% probability of being I-M223-Continental-1. 
#70816 has been deep SNP tested, with these results:
V218+ M223+ L800+ M284- L126- M379- P78- P95- L380-  L801+ 
The positive value for V218 proves he is Haplogroup I; the positive values for M223 and L800 prove he is I2b1.  The positive value for L801 proves he belongs to the new I2b1 subclade, whatever that turns out to be.  The position of L380 on the tree has not been determined.  It is the one SNP difference our subject has with the descendant of Joseph RASEY I (below) as he is L380+.
Update (28 Mar 2012):
Z186+ Z78+ Z79-
#70816 and #110919 have a paper descent from Joseph RAZEE I, and they match each other 35/37 (genetic distance 3), with both differences being on fast-mutating markers.  This result is consistent with them having a near common ancestor and supports their paper connection.  They have no significant matches with anyone else in either the FTDNA or Ysearch databases.
           
Haplogroup I2b1xx = I-L380
Continental-2a Cluster
Deme 2
To view lineages, please scroll to the right.
Surname Kit# Ysearch
UserID		   Panel 1 — Standard Markers 1-12   Panel 2 — Standard Markers 13-25   Panel 3 — Standard Markers 26-37   Panel 4 — Standard Markers 38-67   Panel 5 — Standard Markers 68-111   Lineages
STR PP3 PP5 MP6 MP7 MP8 MP9 [mixed] MP10 [EA] MP11 [SMGF] MP12 [all new] MP13 [mixed]
3
9
3		 3
9
0		 19
/
3
9
4		 3
9
1		 a
|
3
8
5		 b
|
3
8
5		 4
2
6		 3
8
8		 4
3
9		 i
|
3
8
9		 3
9
2		 ii
|
3
8
9		 4
5
8		 a
|
4
5
9		 b
|
4
5
9		 4
5
5		 4
5
4		 4
4
7		 4
3
7		 4
4
8		 4
4
9		 a
|
4
6
4		 b
|
4
6
4		 c
|
4
6
4		 d
|
4
6
4		 e
|
4
6
4		 f
|
4
6
4		 4
6
0		 H4
|
G
A
T
A		 IIa
|
Y
C
A		 IIb
|
Y
C
A		 4
5
6		 6
0
7		 5
7
6		 5
7
0		 a
|
C
D
Y		 b
|
C
D
Y		 4
4
2		 4
3
8		 5
3
1		 5
7
8		 a
|
S1
3
9
5		 b
|
S1
3
9
5		 5
9
0		 5
3
7		 6
4
1		 4
7
2		 S1
4
0
6		 5
1
1		 4
2
5		 a
|
4
1
3		 b
|
4
1
3		 5
5
7		 5
9
4		 4
3
6		 4
9
0		 5
3
4		 4
5
0		 4
4
4		 4
8
1		 5
2
0		 4
4
6		 6
1
7		 5
6
8		 4
8
7		 5
7
2		 6
4
0		 4
9
2		 5
6
5		 7
1
0		 4
8
5		 6
3
2		 4
9
5		 5
4
0		 7
1
4		 7
1
6		 7
1
7		 5
0
5		 5
5
6		 5
4
9		 5
8
9		 5
2
2		 4
9
4		 5
3
3		 6
3
6		 5
7
5		 6
3
8		 4
6
2		 4
5
2		 4
4
5		 A10
|
G
A
T
A		 4
6
3		 4
4
1		 1B
07
|
GG
AA
T		 5
2
5		 7
1
2		 5
9
3		 6
5
0		 5
3
2		 7
1
5		 5
0
4		 5
1
3		 5
6
1		 5
5
2		 7
2
6		 6
3
5		 5
8
7		 6
4
3		 4
9
7		 5
1
0		 4
3
4		 4
6
1		 4
3
5
MacLEOD R1b modals   13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29   16 9 11 11 11 26 15 19 31 14 15 15 16       11 11 19 23 16 15 18 17 37 37 12 12   11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 16 8 12 22 20 15 12 11 13 11 11 12 12                                                                                             Modals for markers 1-67 per MacLeod Project (Sep 2006)
Continental-2a modals   15 23 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 32   15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 14 15       11 10 19 21 15 14 17 19 34 38 12 10   11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 10  9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 14 9 14 27 20 11 13 12 12 11 12 12 11   31 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 11 12 11 12 9 12 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 23 10 23 14 12 14 27 12 21 18 12 15 17 9 12 11   modals per Hg I2-M223 Project (2 Feb 2012)
                                     
RASEY 69631 45ZVC   14 23 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 33   16 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 14 15 14 14   11 10 19 21 14 14 17 17 36 39 12 10   11 8 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 21 22 16 11 12 12 14 9 13 28 18 11 13 12 12 11 12 12 11   31 13 8 15 11 25 27 16 13 11 12 11 12 9 12 11 10 11 12 30 10 12 22 14 11 10 16 15 23 11 23 14 13 14 27 12 22 18 13 15 17 9 12 11   Pvt7, Donald Elza6, Ira Cornelius5, John C.4, Joseph3, John2, Joseph1 RASEY I
RASEY1 221356     14 23 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 33   17 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 14 15 14 14   11 10 19 21 14 14 17 17 36 39 12 10   11 8 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 21 22 16 11 12 12 14 9 13 28 18 11 13 12 12 11 12 12 11   31 13 8 15 11 25 27 16 13 11 12 11 12 9 12 11 10 11 12 30 10 12 22 14 11 10 21 15 23 11 23 14 13 14 27 12 21 18 13 15 17 9 12 11   Pvt7, Virgil6, Sidney5, Charles4, Chester3, Silas2,
1deep clade test pending (Batch 450: results expected 3/26).

Discussion:
The Haplogroup I2b1 Project has placed #69631 in the Continental 2a Cluster. 
Our two descendants of Joseph RASEY I are a tight match (109/111), supporting that they have a near common ancestor.  They have no significant matches with anyone else in the FTDNA database.
DYS712 is an extremely volatile marker, so a five-step mutation in one of them is not an error.  It should be counted as 1 for the purpose of calculating GD (genetic distance).
At the time #69631 was tested, FTDNA was not displaying more than four alleles at DYS464, even if someone had them, which he does.  Now, they display the additional alleles, but despite my asking them to display them for #69631, the FTDNA results page still shows only four.  Having more than four alleles at DYS464 is rare, occurring in only about 1.5% of tested individuals.  The two extra 14 alleles probably appeared in a single mutation event, which duplicated the existing two 14 alleles.
Deme 2 has so few values in common with the MacLEOD family modal haplotype that there is not the slighted possibility they are closely related to them.  Please see the discussion to the right.

SNP Testing:
#69631 has been deep SNP tested, with these results:
M223+ M284- L126- M379- P78- P95- L592-
The positive value for M223 proves he is I2b1*.  The negative values prove he is none of the known subclades of I2b1.
#69631 has now (10 Oct 2011) been tested for the WTY program (GRC11054714), with these positive results:
L15 L16 L34 L35 L36 L37 L41 L74 L181 L340 L350 L352 L380 L403 L460 L470 L503 L622
M42 M89 M139 M170 M223 M294 P9.1 P38 P123 P143 P158 P214 P215 P217 P218 P222 P223
SRY10831.1 V64 V174 V189 V202 V203 V205 V226 V235 V238
including these three new SNPs:
V218.2 (ChrY:6722712 C to T) L800 (ChrY:7943549 G to A) L801 (ChrY:20223143 A to C)
As more people are taking these tests, it appears that V218.2 (a.k.a., V218) is synonymous with P19 and other SNPs defining Haplogroup I.  It also appears that L800 is synonymous with M223 and other SNPs definining Haplogroup I2b1.  However, L801 appears to distinguish the various "Continental" STR clusters of M223, thus making our subject the founder of a new subclade, downstream of I2b1 (see SNP chart above).  The new SNPs appear on the FTDNA Draft Tree, but not yet on the "official" FTDNA tree or at ISOGG (as of 30 Oct 2011).
Update (30 Nov 2011):  as yet, the position of the L380 SNP on the Y-DNA haplotree is uncertain, but one way or another, it places this RASEY family in a different subclade than the above RAZEE family.
Update (28 Mar 2012):
Z186+ Z78- Z79-
Th WTY test also revealed the "true" values at DYS464 for #69631, showing six g-type alleles, rather than the four alleles shown in his standard test taken back in 2006.  Now (in 2012) FTDNA automatically reports extra alleles at DYS464.

 
Alleged Connection to Malcolm MacLEOD of the Isle of Raasay:
Knowing just the haplogroup, alone, is enough to debunk the legend of a connection between Joseph RASEY I and Malcolm MacLEOD of the Isle of Raasay, Scotland, whose kin are Haplogroup R1b — or to any other MacLEOD lineage so far tested for the MacLEOD project.  People in different haplogroups cannot have had a common ancestor for thousands of years.  And given that the MacLEODs are different haplogroups from our subject, we wouldn't expect their haplotypes to match or be even close to our subject.  This expectation is overwhelmingly realized by comparing the Joseph RASEY descendant's haplotype to the modal R1b marker frequencies in the MacLEOD project (see above).  They have only a 0/12, 3/25, 7/37, or 22/67 correspondence — a resounding non-match!
If you examine the Y-DNA test results at the MacLEOD web site, you will note most of the subjects are R1b, with a sizable number also being R1a, which indicates that the surname has at least two different, unrelated progenitors.  There are, no doubt, some additional separate lines within each haplogroup, which we would expect for any surname that is derived from a patronymic.  In other words, not everyone surnamed MacLEOD will be a descendant of Leod, Chief I — though Malcolm MacLEOD of Raasay supposedly is.
You will also note that among MacLEOD test results (as of 25 May 2008) just nine individuals are not R1a or R1b.  Specifically:  one is E3b and eight are I1.  Not one test subject in the MacLEOD project is Haplogroup I2, so no recent connection to our RASEY line is even remotely possible with any MacLEOD so far tested.  And, most importantly, the progenitor to whom our Joseph RASEY is supposedly connected (viz., Leod, Chief I) has been well-tested by many purported descendants, and we are simply not related to them.  I'm sorry, but the legend of Joseph RASEY's origin as a MacLEOD of Raasay is just that, a fanciful legend — one that is untrue.
 		        

What constitutes a match?
Matches in other surnames are usually mere coincidence, so please ignore them — I'll let you know when you shouldn't!
For 12 markers:  9 or less is a non-relative; 10-12, please see this Chart compiled by FTDNA.
For 25 markers:  21 or less is a non-relative; 22-25, please see this Chart compiled by FTDNA.
For 37 markers:  31 or less is a non-relative; 32-37, please see this Chart compiled by FTDNA.
For 67 markers:  55 or less is a non-relative; 56-67, please see this Chart compiled by FTDNA.
For any test:  0 matching markers, please contact NASA.

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