Either this is Susannah using her other given name, or Jesse had three wives.

1a.  North Carolina Marriages, 1759-1979 (online at familysearch.org):

Groom's Name:	Jessee Stroup	Jessie Stroup
Bride's Name:	Susannah White	S. A. Kelly
Marriage Date:	10 Jan 1834	23 Oct 1869
Marriage Place:	Lincoln, North Carolina	Lincoln, North Carolina
Groom's Father:		M. Stroup
Groom's Mother:		J. Stroup
Bride's Father:		R. Kelly
Bride's Mother:		P. Kelly
Source Film:	6330322	421995

1b.  Jordan R. Dodd, ed.  1993.  KY, NC, TN, VA, WV Marriages:  Early to 1850.  Liahona Research, Orem, UT (Broderbund CD-229):

Stroup, Jesse

White, Susanna

10 Jan 1834

Lincoln Co.

2.  1840 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #17 of 84; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1840

NC

Lincoln Co.

Lower Regt.

Roll 364

pp. 108A-108B

Ln. 6

Jessey Stroup

110 010 - 200 001

no slaves

0100000

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 male	4 or under	1835-1840	= William (b. 1836/7)
1 male	5-9	1830-1835	= Wesley (b. 1834/5)
1 male	20-29	1810-1820	= Jesse (b. 1813/4)
2 females	4 or under	1835-1840	= Jane (b. 1839/40) = Nancy (b. 1837/8)
1 female	30-39	1800-1810	= Susannah
1	person employed in agriculture

3.  1850 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #45-46 of 146):  Gaston Co., NC, Roll M432_630, pp. 413A-413B, 328/329, enumerated 10 Sep 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Isac Stroup	36	M		Farmer
Lucy     "	16	F
William C "	13	M				No Ca
Nancy    "	12	F
Jane     "	10	F
Robert   "	8	M
[next page]
J??? Stroop	8	M				No Ca
William  "	6	M

• Some sources have given our subject middle name, Isaac, apparently based on this record, but given the difficulty this enumerator appears to have had trying to spell, "Jesse," I'm more inclinded to just consider this a case of enumerator error.  If there is another primary record giving him middle name, Isaac, please clue me in.
• Most sources show Lucy as his daughter, but look at her age in 1860 (her age in both censuses appears to be wrong).  Also, there is no room for a daughter born 1833/4 in the 1840 census.
• How can there be another William?
• Listed next to Michael & Jane (GOODSON) STROUP, who are next to Lawson STROUP.

4.  1860 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #69 of 149 — indexed "Straup"):  Vesuvias Furnace P.O., Lincoln Co., NC, Roll M653_904, p. 109A, PN 85, 590/565, enumerated 23 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Jesse Stroup	45	M		Farm Laborer	240	25	Lincoln Co NC
Lucy     "	56	F					"
Robert   "	21	M		Farm Laborer			"
Jessee   "	19	M					"
Wm       "	18	M					"
Lucinda Kelly	9	F					"

Lucinda is said to be Jesse's granddaughter, but as far as I can tell, none of his daughters is old enough to have had a child by 1850/51.  Where is James?

5.  1870 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #3 of 34 — indexed "Strauss"):  Lincolnton P.O., Union Twp., Lincoln Co., NC, Roll M593_1146, p. 246A, PN 3, 17/17, enumerated 23 Aug 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Str?up Jessee	56	M	W	Farm Laborer			N Carolina
______ Susan	49	F	W	Keeping House			N Carolina
______ Lucinda	18	F	W	At Home			N Carolina
______ James	15	M	W	At Home			N Carolina

Could be Straup or Stroup.  Where did James come from?

6.  1880 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #5 of 20):  1083 Dist., Cold Water, Chattooga Co., GA, Roll 139, p. 55A, PN 5, SD 1st Ga, ED 17, enumerated 3 Jun 1880, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1880 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1880:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
1	2	3	4	5	6	8	9	11	13	22	23	24	25	26
43	47	Stroup James	W	M	25		/		Farmer	/	/	NC	NC	NC
		______ Susan	W	F	54	Mother		/	Keeping House	/	/	NC	NC	NC

7.  1890 Census:  the 1890 Census Population Schedules were destroyed.

8.  1900 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #12 of 23):  Coldwater Twp., Chattooga Co., GA, Roll T623_187, p. 292B, SN 14, SD 7, ED 16, enumerated 13 Jun 1900, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1900 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1900:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

19

21

22

23

24

25

27

28

255

255

Strop James M

Head

W

M

Apr 1859

41

M

15

NC

NC

NC

Farmer

N

N

Y

R

F

194

_____ Amanda

Wife

W

F

May 1861

37

M

15

3

2

GA

GA

GA

Y

Y

Y

_____ John H

Son

W

M

Sep 1887

12

S

GA

NC

GA

5

Y

Y

Y

_____ James O

Son

W

M

Nov 1892

9

S

GA

NC

GA

2

N

N

Y

_____ Susan

Mother

W

F

Aug 1851

48

wd

3

1

NC

NC

SC

N

N

Y

I don't know what age Susan was originally given by the enumerator, but someone has come back and written over it with a heavy pen as "48," which obviously cannot be correct if she's James's mother.  Her birthyear does look like 1851, which is no doubt what led someone to change her age, but her birthyear should be ca. 1821, and her age should be ca. 79.  So, the enumerator's error was compounded by the person who changed her age.

.  Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System.  National Park Service (online at www.itd.nps.gov/cwss/ and at Ancestry.com as U.S. Civil War Soldiers, 1861-1865):

Name:	Jesse Strop
Side:	Confederate
Regiment State/Origin:	North Carolina
Regiment Name:	16 North Carolina Infantry
Regiment Name Expanded:	16th Regiment, North Carolina Infantry
Company:	F
Rank In:	Private
Rank In Expanded:	Private
Rank Out:	Private
Rank Out Expanded:	Private
Film Number:	M230 roll 38

.  U.S. Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles.  Historical Data Systems, Kingston, MA (online at Ancestry.com):

Name:	Jesse Stroup
Residence:	Lincoln County, North Carolina
Age at enlistment:	21
Enlistment Date:	5 Jul 1861
Rank at enlistment:	Private
Enlistment Place:	Buncombe County, NC
State Served:	North Carolina
Service Record:	Enlisted in Company F, North Carolina 16th Infantry Regiment on 07 May 1861
Birth Date:	abt 1840
Sources:	North Carolina Troops 1861-65, A Roster

.  Public Member Trees (online at Ancestry.com).