Although Charles went by surname BAIN, there is reason to suspect Greenberry BAIN may not have been his biological father.  Although Green and Elizabeth were married in 1861, by the 1870 census, Elizabeth BAIN is living with Elijah HAMBLETON (a.k.a., Elisha HAMILTON); and there are no children with her, suggesting either she deserted them or the court revoked her custody of them.  In the 1870 census, Charles's older sister, Minnie BAIN, is living with Green's widowed mother, Rachel (LARRISON) BEAN/BAIN, but our subject is living in an orphanage (see below), suggesting Minnie was Green's biological child, while Charles may not have been, though by the 1880 census, Minnie, too, was living in an orphanage (after the death of Rachel in 1879).  It may even be that an adulterous affair by Elizabeth, resulting in the birth of Charles, was the cause of Green and Elizabeth's divorce.  County Court records should be sought to determine the issues surrounding Green and Elizabeth's divorce and the guardianship of Charles. 

1.  Marriage Record:

2.  1870 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #161 of 254 — indexed "Barri"):  Orphans Home, Zanesville, Muskingum Co., OH, Roll M593_1251, p. 534A, PN 29, 224/224, enumerated 27 Jul 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Bain Charles

3

M

W

At School

Ohio

One of 22 children in the orphanage.  Charles's sister, Minnie BAIN, is living with Greenberry BAIN's widowed mother. 

3.  1880 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #33 of 34 — indexed "Bune"):  McIntire Children's Home, Zanesville, Muskingum Co., OH, Roll T9_1055, p. 434A, PN 33, SD _, ED 179, enumerated 15 Jun 1880, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1880 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1880:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
3	4	5	6	15	21	24
Bane Charles	W	M	13	No	/	Ohio

One of 31 children in the orphanage.  Minnie BAIN is now also living in an orphanage. 

4.  1890 Census:  the 1890 Census Population Schedules were destroyed.

5.  1900 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #4 of 21):  45 Third St., Zanesville City (Ward 1), Muskingum Co., OH, Roll T623_1310, p. 40B, SN 2, SD 14, ED 67, enumerated 2 Jun 1900, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1900 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1900:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

19

20

22

23

24

25

27

*

45

36

44

Hambelton W

Head

W

M

Oct 1826

73

Wd

OH

OH

OH

Y

Y

Y

R

H

Ross Leota

Dau

W

F

Jun 1872

27

Wd

2

1

OH

OH

OH

Y

Y

Y

____ Ingaba

GDau

W

F

Jul 1867

32

S

OH

OH

OH

Laundress

0

Y

Y

Y

Bain Alta

Dau

W

F

May 1873

26

M

1

OH

OH

OH

____ Charles

S in Law

W

M

Aug 1867

32

M

1

0

0

OH

OH

OH

Day Laborer

5

Y

Y

Y

*Third St

This record immediately raises the question as to whether there was any relationship between William HAMBLETON/HAMILTON and Elisha/Elijah HAMILTON/HAMBLETON.  Based on birthplaces, the answer is, no (HAMILTON is a common surname, so it definitely could be just coincidence).  Note that Charles's widowed mother, Elizabeth PATTON, is living at 33 Second St. (p. 39A) — close in city terms! 

6.  1910 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #17 of 22):  452 Wheeling Avenue, Zanesville City (Ward 1, Pct. B), Zanesville Twp., Muskingum Co., OH, Roll T624_1221, p. 20A, SN 9A, SD 14, Ed 88, enumerated 28 Apr 1910, official enumeration date 15 Apr 1910 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1910:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	26	28
*	452	148	193	Bain Charles W	Head	M	W	42	M1	11			OH	OH	OH	Eng	Iron Worker	Foundry	W	N	0	Y	Y	R	H
				____ Alta M	Wife	F	W	36	M1	11	0	0	OH	unk	unk	Eng	none					Y	Y
*Wheeling Avenue

7.  1920 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #13 of 13):  452 East Main St., Zanesville City (Ward 2, Pct. B), Muskingum Co., OH, Roll T625_1425, p. 54A, SN 7A, SD 16, ED 124, enumerated 12 Jan 1920, official enumeration date 1 Jan 1920 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1920:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	9	10	11	12	17	18	19	21	23	25	26	27	28
*	452	154	175	Bain Charles W	Head	R	M	W	52	M	Y	Y	OH	US	US	Y	Brick Wheeler	Brick Plant	W
				"  Alta M	Wife		F	W	47	M	Y	Y	OH	US	US	Y	none
*East Main St

8.  1930 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #41 of 56):  946 Monroe Street, City of Zanesville (Ward 3), Muskingum Co., OH, Roll 1859, p. 81A, SN 21A, ED 60-42, SD 19, enumerated 18 Apr 1930, official enumeration date 1 Apr 1930 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1930:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	24	25	26	27	28	30
*	746	444	497	Bain Charles W	Head	R	9.15	N	M	W	62	M	32	N	Y	OH	OH	OH	Y	Shipping Room	Floor-Wall Tile	W	Y	N
				____ Alta M	Wife				F	W	56	M	26	N	Y	OH	OH	OH	Y	None
*Monroe Street

9.  Ohio Death Certificate Index, 1913-1944 (online at the Ohio Historical Society web site):

Name	Death Date	County	Cert. No.
BAIN, Charley	9/03/1940	Muskingum	#58955
BAIN, Alta	5/31/1940	Muskingum	#33372

10.  WorldConnect / Ancestry World Trees (online at RootsWeb.com/Ancestry.com).  A file there includes this obiturary in its Note:

Obit courtesy of the Zanesville Times Recorder [May 1940] MRS CHARLES BAIN SERVICES MONDAY Funeral services for Mrs. Alta M. Bain, 66, wife of Charles Bain, 926 Marietta Street, who died Friday morning at 3:30 o'clock at Bethesda Hospital following five weeks illness, will be conducted Monday afternoon at 2 o'clock at the Trimmer funeral home.  Rev. Ralph Zundel, pastor of the First Baptist Church, will officate and burial will be in Greenwood Cemetery. A native of Gaysport, Mrs. Bain was the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William Hamble. The deceased is survived by her husband and a sister, Miss Rosa Hamble, of Cincinnati, IA; a brother, William, of Springfield, Ill., and several neices and nephews. The body will remain at the funeral home until time for removal to the cemetery.

11.  Email from Carol Berry.