1.  Census Index:  U.S. Selected Counties, 1800  (Broderbund CD-312).  The 1800 KY Census was lost, so tax lists must substitute.  There was no William Teague taxed in Christian Co., KY, in 1800, but there was one in Shelby Co., KY. There were William Teagues in NC, but none had the correct numbers or genders of children).

2a.  Census Index:  U.S. Selected Counties, 1810  (Broderbund CD-313).  Please see my WARNING regarding use of this database (the numerical data have the genders switched). 

1810

Teague, William

KY

Christian Co.

p. 64

21010-3111000

2b.  1790-1870 Census Index (online at Ancestry.com):

1810

TEAGUE

WILLIAM

KY

Christian Co.

p. 64

31110-21010-00

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
3 males	9 or under	1800-1810	= Abel (b. 1809) = Vandeveer (b. 1807) = James (b. 1805)
1 male	10-15	1794-1800	= William Jr. (b. 1797)
1 male	16-25	1784-1794	= Edward (b. 1793)
1 male	26-44	1765-1784	= William Sr. (b. 1769)
2 females	9 or under	1800-1810	= Grace (b. 1803) = Hester (b. 1801)
1 female	10-15	1794-1800	= Mary (b. 1799)
1 female	26-44	1765-1784	= Mary (b. 1777)

There should be two females in the 10-15 age bracket.  Either Elizabeth has married or Mary has died.  There is an Elizabeth TEAGUE married in Christian Co. on 6 Dec 1810, but for her to be their daughter, it means that she married at age 15 (not sooo unusual) and that the census taker made his rounds late in Dec (rather unusual, but not impossible).

3a.  1820 Census Index (online at GenealogyLibrary.com):

1820

Teague, William

KY

Christian Co.

p. 29

3b.  Christian County Genealogical Society (Hopkinsville, KY).  1995.  Christian County, KY, Census Records, 1820-1830-1840.  Simmons Historical Publ., Melber, KY.  Not found — and I didn't just go by the index.  I scanned every line of the 1820 records and did not find any Teague.

3c.  1959.  Population Schedules of the Fourth Census of the United States, 1820, Roll 20, Kentucky. Vol. 5.  Microcopy No. 33.  National Archives Microfilm Publications, Washington, DC, as found on Family Quest Archives:  Kentucky Federal Census 1820:  Campbell, Christian, Green, Lewis, Muhlenberg, Nicholas, and Union Counties.  Heritage Quest CD M33-20.  This images on this disk are terrible, mostly due to the film being severely scratched; fewer than half the records are readable.  Couldn't they have found a less scratched film to digitize?  It's shear luck that William's record was readable.
Extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen:

1820

KY

Christian Co.

p. 29B

Wm Teague

220001-10110

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
2 males	9 or under	1810-1820	= Isaac (b. 1819) and/or = John (b. 1813) and/or = Jacob (b. 1811)
2 males	10-15	1804-1810	= Abel (b. 1809) and/or = Vandeveer (b. 1807) and/or = James (b. 1805)
1 male	45 or over	in or bef. 1775	= William (b. 1769)
1 female	9 or under	1810-1820	= Minerva (b. 1816)
1 female	16-25	1794-1804	= Grace (b. 1803)
1 female	26-44	1775-1794	= Mary (b. 1777)

We are missing a male in the 9 and under age class and in the 10-15 age class.  Isaac is also missing in 1830.  Did he die young?

4a.  1830 Census Index (online at GenealogyLibrary.com):

1830

Teague, William

KY

Christian Co.

p. 14

4b.  Christian County Genealogical Society (Hopkinsville, KY).  1995.  Christian County, KY, Census Records, 1820-1830-1840.  Simmons Historical Publ., Melber, KY.  On p. 32 (of the book, not the census):

1830

Teague

William

000 120 001 - 001 000 010

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 male	15-19	1810-1815	= John (b. 1813) or = Jacob (b. 1811)
2 males	20-29	1800-1810	= Abel (b. 1809) = Vandevere (b. 1807)
1 male	60-69	1760-1770	= William (b. 1769)
1 female	10-14	1815-1820	= Minerva (b. 1816)
1 female	50-59	1770-1780	= Mary (b. 1777)

We are short one male in the 15-19 age class — neither John nor Jacob has married, but Jacob is certainly old enough to have gone off on his own.  But Isaac (b. 1819) appears to be missing entirely, as he appears to have been in 1820.

5a.  A.B. Willhite.  [n.d.]  Christian Co., Kentucky, Tax List, 1804-1809.  (self-published; available from author at 4396 Coopertown Rd., Russellville, KY 42276, or from the Christian County Genealogical Society, Hopkinsville, KY):

Pg. in Willhite	Year	Dist.*	Last  Name	First  Name	A	B	C	D	E	Acres	Watercourse
25	1804	North	Teague	Wm	1	-	-	-	7	200	Drake's Cr
48	1805	North	Tigue	Wm	[data said to be unreadable]
65	1806	North	Teague	Wm	1	-	-	1	8	200 400 100 200	P R in Henderson Co., Ky. P R in Christian Co., Ky. P R P R
132	1807	East	Teague	Wm	1	-	1	1	8	200 300 200	P R P R P R
178	1808	East	Teague	Wm	1	-	1	2	7	200 100 400 194	Drake's Cr Drake's Cr Drake's Cr Drake's Cr
226	1809	East	Teague	Wm	1		-	2	8	200 400 100	Drake's Cr Drake's Cr in Hopkins Co. Drake's Cr in Christian Co.
Legend for numerical data: A = White Males 21 or over; B = White Males 16-20 (this column not used in 1809); C = Blacks over 16; D = Total Blacks; E = Horses
Abbreviations:  P R = Pond River
*The county was divided into just two districts:  from 1804 to 1806, into North and South Districts; beginning in 1807, into East and West Districts.

There were no years where there was more than on William Teague on the rolls.

5b.  A.B. Willhite.   [n.d.]  Christian Co., Kentucky, Tax List, 1810-1813.   (Self-published; available from author at 4396 Coopertown Rd., Russellville, KY 42276, or from the Christian County Genealogical Society, Hopkinsville, KY).

Pg. in Willhite	Year	First  Name	Last  Name	A	B	C	D	E	Acres	Watercourse
42	1810	Wm	Teague	1		-	-	9	400 185 150	- - -
92	1811	Wm	Teague	1	-	-	2	6	400 400  94	Dollison Creek C. Fork of Clifty Dollison Creek
144	1812	Wm	Tague	1		-	2	6	200 400 100	D. Creek - "
199	1813	Wm	Teague	1		-	2	6	200 400 100	D. Creek " "
Legend for numerical data: A = White Males 21 or over; B = White Males 16-20 (this column used only in 1811); C = Blacks over 16; D = Total Blacks; E = Horses

There were no years where there was more than on William Teague on the rolls.
5c.  A.B. Willhite.   [n.d.]  Christian Co., Kentucky, Tax List, 1814-1818.   (Self-published.  This book is out of print.  I do not have a copy.  If you have one to sell, please contact me.)

5d.  A.B. Willhite.   [n.d.]  Christian Co., Kentucky, Tax List, 1819-1823.   (Self-published; available from author at 4396 Coopertown Rd., Russellville, KY 42276, or from the Christian County Genealogical Society, Hopkinsville, KY).

Pg. in Willhite	Year	First  Name	Last  Name	A	B	C	D	Acres	Watercourse
64	1819	Wm	Teague	1	1	4	2	185  65 166	D Creek of PR " "
112	1820	Wm	Teague	1	1	4	4	20  50 170	PR " "
156	1821	Wm	Teague	1	1	4	4	200 166  50	LR (sic) " "
198	1822	Wm	Teague	1	1	5	2	200  50  50 400	LR (sic) " " "
424	1823	Wm	Teague	1	-	4	5	185  65 400  50	PR " " "
Legend for numerical data: A = White Males 21 or over; B = Blacks over 16; C = Total Blacks; D = Horses
Abbreviations:  PR = Pond River; LR = Little River, but this has to be a mistake (in these years, there were other PR residents who had their records mistakenly recorded as LR, not just William)

There were no years where there was more than on William Teague on the rolls.

6.  LDS.  Ancestral File (online).

7.  Query at the Christian County KYGenWeb site.