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Benjamin STRAUB
Sarah MERTZ
Husband:  Benjamin STRAUB
Birth:  ca. 6 Oct 1802, presumably Freeburg, Northumberland [now Snyder] Co., PA
Death:  3 Jun 1877
Disposition:  buried St. Peter's Cemetery, Freeburg, Washington Twp., Snyder Co., PA 
Occupation:  wagonmaker, farmer
Father:  George P. STRAUB
Mother:  Catharine __?__
Marriage:  30 Mar 1828, Union [now Snyder] Co., PA
Wife:  Sarah MERTZ
Birth:  bet. 7 Jul 1807 and 23 Nov 1807, PA
Death:  in or aft. 1880
Occupation:  homemaker
Children — born in Washington Twp., Union [now Snyder] Co., PA:
  1.  George B. STRAUB, b. Oct 1830
  2.  Elias "Eli" STRAUB, b. ca. 29/30 Mar 1832; d. 8 Sep 1852
  3.  Frederick "Fred" STRAUB, b. 1833/4
  4.  Sarah STRAUB, b. 1837/8
  5.  (Son A) STRAUB, b. 1835-40; d. bef. 1850
  6.  Peter STRAUB, b. ca. 9/18 Aug 1841; d. 30 Aug 1852
  7.  Amelia STRAUB, b. ca. 14 Aug 1843; d. 16 Sep 1852
  8.  Louisa/Atlina STRAUB, b. ca. 18/19 Dec 1845; d. 5 Sep 1852 
  9.  Benjamin B. STRAUB/STROUP, b. 7 Jul 1848 
10.  John J. STRAUB, b. ca. 20/21 Dec 1851; d. 11 Sep 1852
Keywords for search engines:  genealogy; USA, US, United States, Pennsylvania

Sources (n.b., Snyder Co. wasn't formed from Union Co. until 1855):

1.  Marriage Record:

2.  1830 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #11 of 12; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
1830 PA Union [now Snyder] Co. Washington Twp. p. 304 Ln. 6 Straub Benjamin 000 010 - 010 010
These data indicate:
No. & Sex  Age Class Therefore Born Individuals Inferred
1 male 20-29 1800-1810 = Benjamin (b. 1802) 
1 female 5-14 1820-1825 = ?
1 female 20-29 1800-1810 = Sarah (b. 1807)
Benjamin and Sarah weren't married until 1828, so the girl wouldn't appear to be their daughter.  Benjamin is old enough to have had a prior marriage, so she may be his daughter, but not Sarah's.

3.  1840 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #17 of 20; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
1840 PA Union [now Snyder] Co. Washington Twp. pp. 267AB Ln. 28 Straub Benjamin 220 001 - 100 001
These data indicate:
No. & Sex Age Class Therefore Born Individuals Inferred
2 males 4 or under 1835-1840 = Son A
= Frederick (b. 1833/4)
2 males 5-9 1830-1835 = Elias (b. 1832)
= George (b. 1830)
1 male 30-39 1800-1810 = Benjamin (b. 1802) 
1 female 4 or under 1835-1840 = Sarah (b. 1837/8)
1 female 30-39 1800-1810 = Sarah (b. 1807) 
All we need is for Fredrick to be tallied as a year later for him to be in the youngest age class, making room for George in the older age class.  Such minor errors are common in the early censuses.  The list is alphabetical, so no neighborhood reconstruction is possible.

3.  1850 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #1 of 29):  Washington Twp., Union [now Snyder] Co., PA, p. 115AB, 8/8, enumerated 23 Nov 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
Benjamin Straub 47 M Waggon Maker 900 Penna
Sarah Straub 43 F     Penna
Eli Straub 18 M     Penna
Frederick Straub 16 M     Penna
Sarah Straub 12 F     Penna
Peter Straub  9 M     Penna
[next page]
Amelia Straub  7 F     Penna
Atlina Straub  5 F     Penna
Benjamin Straub  1 M     Penna
Where is Louisa?  Atlina must be Louisa.

4.  1860 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #28 of 34):  Washington Twp., Snyder Co., PA, p. 623, PN 147, 1044/1076, enumerated 7 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
Benjamin Straub 57 M   Farmer 2000 400 Pennsylvania
Sarah      " 52 F         "
Benjamin   " 11 M         "
Lucinda Male  6 F         "

5.  1870 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #24 of 39):  Freeburg P.O., Washington Twp., Snyder Co., PA, p. 179B, PN 24, enumerated Jul 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
1870:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see
What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 17 19
174 188 Stroup Benj. 67 M W farmer 3000 800 Penna     /
       "   Sarah 62 F W Keeping house     "   /  
       "   Benj. B. 22 M W Farming     "     /
    Mengle Lucinda 17 F W Domestic Servt.     "      
    Garman Wm D.  9 M W       " /    

6.  1880 Census (indexed at FamilySearch.org; page image online at Ancestry.com, Image #21 of 37):  Washington Twp., Snyder Co., PA, p. 95A, PN 21, SD 7, ED 150, enumerated 15/16 Jun 1880, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1880 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
1880:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see
What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 13 21 24 25 26
191 181 Stroup B. B. W M 32     /   Farmer   Penna Penna Penna
    ______ Mary A W F 24 Wife   /   Keeping House   Penna Penna Penna
    ______ Sarah A W F  4 Dau /         Penna Penna Penna
    ______ Ammon W M  2 Son /         Penna Penna Penna
    ______ Sarah W F 72 Mother     / Keeping House   Penna Penna Penna
    Garman William D W M 17 Nephew /     Laborer / Penna Penna Penna
    Stroup Annie M W F 15 Cousin /     Servant / Penna Penna Penna
In the 1870 census, William GARMAN (æ 9) is living with B.B.'s parents, Benjamin & Sarah (MERTZ) STRAUB, so it appears he is B.B.'s blood nephew, not Mary's, and that William's parents were both deceased by 1870.  As B.B. is believed to have had only one surviving sister, (viz., Sarah), it would appear that she was William GARMAN's mother.  Unfortunately, I can't find a GARMAN with wife, Sarah, in the 1850 census, but hopefully, guardian records in the county court will identify his parents.  Annie M. STROUP is B.B.'s first-cousin-once removed, that is, daughter of John S. STRAUB (deceased in 1878), son of Samuel STRAUB, our late subject's brother. 

7.  George W. Wagenseller.  1904.  Tombstone Inscriptions of Snyder County, Penna.  Wagenseller Publ. Co., Middleburgh, PA. On p. 266:
Washington Twp., St. Peter's Cemetery, Freeburg, Pa.
Straub, Benjamin   b Oct.  6, 1802 d June  3, 1877 aged 74y 7m 28d
Straub, Amelia dau. of Benj. and Sarah b Aug. 14, 1843 d Sep. 16, 1852  aged  9y 1m  2d
Straub, John J. s of Benj. and Sarah b Dec. 20, 1851 d Sep. 11, 1852 aged     8m 21d
Straub, Elias  s of Benj. and Sarah b Mar. 29, 1839 d Sep.  8, 1852 aged 20y 5m  9d
Straub, Peter s of Benj. and Sarah b Aug.  9, 1841 d Aug. 30, 1852 aged 11y 0m 12d
Straub, Louisa d of Benj. and Sarah b Dec. 18, 1845 d Sep.  5, 1852 aged  6y 8m 17d
What heartbreak, to lose five children in less than three weeks!  Benjamin's brother, Samuel, lost three children in Aug-Sep of 1853. 

8.  Birthdates calculated using Ben Buckner's JavaScript Birthday Calculator.
Entered Result
 3 Jun 1877 28d  7m 74y  6 Oct 1802
16 Sep 1852  2d  1m  9y 14 Aug 1843
11 Sep 1852 21d  8m  0y 21 Dec 1852
 8 Sep 1852  9d  5m 20y 30 Mar 1832
30 Aug 1852 12d  0m 11y 18 Aug 1841
 5 Sep 1852 17d  8m  6y 19 Dec 1845
(Calculated birthdates should always be prefaced with "ca." — you can't be certain the person who calculated their age did it correctly, as evidenced above.)
Wagenseller — or whoever — certainly wasn't good at calculating birthdate from age at death.

9.  Archives of the STRAUB-L mailing list (online at RootsWeb.com), especially posts by Jim Burnell.

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