Martin is not with his wife, Caroline, in the 1870 Census.  Did he die earlier?  Is 1872 a typo?  Should it be 1862?  Or did he just leave her?  They had only the one child, in 1858/9, which suggests he dropped out of the picture not long after.

"Talitha" is a scriptural word turned into a name, from the phrase, "Talitha cumi," meaning "damsel arise" (Mark 5:41); it is not a nickname for "Tabitha," which is Aramaic/Hebrew for "gazelle."

1a.  Allen L. Potts.  Marion County, Ohio, Probate Court Marriage Records, Vols. I-XII, 1824-1902 (online at Heritage Pursuit):

Scrals, Martin

Crawford, Mary Ann

10/23/1852

JP J. Porterfield

Obviously a misreading of Scrote.

1b.  Jordan R. Dodd, ed.  1998.  Marriage Index:  Illinois, 1851-1900.  Liahona Research, Orem, UT (Broderbund CD-250):

Schrodt, Martin

Smith, Caroline

7 Oct 1857

Fayette Co.

2a.  Census Index:  U.S. Selected Counties, 1860 (Broderbund CD-318):

1860

Scrote, Martin

IL

Fayette Co.

Vandalia

p. 7

2b.  1860 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #7 of 294):  Vandalia P.O., Vandalia Twp., Fayette Co., IL, p. _, PN 7, 48/48, enumerated 2 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Martin Scrote	33	M		Carpenter	400	50	Ohio
Caroline  "	32	F					Ills
Melinda   "	10	F					Do
Mary D.	1	F					Do
Elizabeth Bly	17	F					Do

"Melinda SCROTE" is Melinda Adaline SMITH, Caroline's daughter by her first marriage.  Mary D. SCROTE would appear to be Martin and Caroline's only child together.  David and Tabitha SCHRODT, Martin's children by his first wife, are living with their maternal grandmother (see next source).  I don't know how Elizabeth BLY fits in.

2c.  1860 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #74 of 294):  Hickory Creek P.O., Cumberland [now Otego] Twp., Fayette Co., IL, p. _, PN 74, 488/499, enumerated 29 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Jordan Crawford	26	M		Farmer	800	250	Ohio
Susanna   "	59	F		Keeping house			Penn
Martin    "	19	M		Farmer			Ohio
Calvin    "	18	M		"			Do
David Schrote	7	M					Ills
Talitha A. "	4	F					Do

Susanna (STRAUB) CRAWFORD is the mother of our subject's first wife, who appears to have taken in her grandchildren after the death of her daughter, Mary Ann (CRAWFORD) SCHRODT. 

3a.  1870 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #10 of 24):  Vandalia P.O., Otego Twp., Fayette Co., IL, p. , PN 10, 76/73, enumerated 23 Jul 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Scrote Caroline	42	F	W	Farmer	3000	900	Illinois
______ Mary	12	M (sic)	W				Illinois
Smith John	22	M	W				Illinois
_____ Adaline	20	F	W				Illinois
_____ James	18	M	W				Illinois

Where is Martin?  Is the 1872 death date wrong?  A death in 1862 would make more sense.  Mary is Caroline's child with Martin SCHRODT, the other three are children from her first marriage, to James SMITH.

3b.  1870 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #14 of 24):  Vandalia P.O., Otego Twp., Fayette Co., IL, p. 691B, PN 14, 108/103, enumerated 23 Jul 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Crawford Andrew	38	M	W	Farmer	3000	800	Ohio
________ Caroline	25	F	W				Illinois
________ John	6	M	W				Illinois
________ Alice	4	F	W				Illinois
Scrote David	16	M	W				Illinois
______ Ann	14	F	W				Illinois
Crawford Calvin	26	M	W	Farm Hand		400	Ohio

Andrew CRAWFORD and  Calvin CRAWFORD are brothers of Martin's late wife, Mary Ann. 

4.  1880 United States Census and National Index (LDS Family History Resource File: CD-ROM Library):

Census Place: Vandalia, Fayette, Illinois
Source: FHL Film 1254206; NARA Film T9-0206; Pg 154C
	Relation	Sex	Marr	Race	Age	Birthplace	Occupation	Fa	Mo
Caraline SERATE	Self	F	W	W	52	IL	Keeping House	SC	OH
Cassie SERATE	Dau	F	S	W	20	IL	At Home	OH	IL

"Serate" would be an easy misreading of Scrote.  "Cassie" has to be Mary D.; I guess it's a nickname.

5.  Paul Edward Stroble, Jr., & John E. Denhalter, Jr.  [nd]  "Crawford Family." Fayette Facts (Fayette County Genealogical & Historical Society, Vandalia, IL), v. 8, n. 2, pp. 56-57.  Says there is a sketch of the McMILLAN family in v. 8, n. 2.   Also says Andrew CRAWFORD became legal guardian of David SCHRODT (his nephew) in 1872.  Has Adeline as a daughter of Milton's first wife, Mary Ann (CRAWFORD, but Adaline was born two years before Milton and Mary Ann were married.  Adeline is the daughter of Caroline and her first husband, James SMITH.  Be aware that the ancestry of Susanna STRAUB as given in the article is incorrect:  she was not descended from Andrew & Mary (WALTER) STRAUB of Milton, PA.  The article contains other errors, so confirm, confirm, confirm!

6.  GenServ Database:  HICE7NA, by Jerry Hicks.

7.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service: IGI - International Genealogical Index and AF - Ancestral File (online at FamilySearch.org).