— born in Marion Co., OH, in either Tully Twp. or Waldo Village, Waldo Twp.:
2.  James Milo FRANCIS, b. 22 Aug 1841; m. 23 Jul 1863, Marion Co., OH, Lucinda CRAWFORD
3.  John M. FRANCIS, b. 1843/4
4.  Levi Kesley FRANCIS, b. 22 Feb 1848; d. 29 Jul 1851, Marion Co., OH; bur. Waldo Cem.
5.  Mary Alice FRANCIS, b. 1851; d. 24 Jan 1861, Marion Co., OH; bur. Waldo Cem.

1.  Marriage Record:

2.  1810 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com):  Our subject's father, Levi FRANCIS, and his family are apprently living with Levi's father, Thomas FRANCIS, in New Berlin, Chenango Co., NY.  From then onwards til his death, Levi is enumerated in Sherburne, Chenango Co., NY.  Therefore, Philander was born in Chenango Co., NY — not Saratoga, NY, as given by some secondary sources.

3.  1840 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #7-8 of 10; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1840

OH

Marion Co.

Tully Twp.

Roll 411

pp. 151B-152A

Ln. 6

Frances P K

100 010 - 000 010

0100000

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 male	4 or under	1835-1840	= Joshua (b. 1839)
1 male	20-29	1810-1820	= Philander (b. 1811)
1 female	20-29	1810-1820	= Clarinda (b. 1817)
1	person employed in agriculture

Listed five households from J.S. ARMSTRONG.

4.  1850 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #14 of 24):  Waldo Town, Marion Co., OH, Roll M432_708, p. 7B, 99/99, enumerated 7 Sep 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

P K Francis	38	M		Manufactirer	400	NY
Clarinda	32	F				NY
J A	11	M				O
J M	9	M				O
John M	6	M				O
L K	2	M				O
Phebe Armstrong	12	F				O

Phoebe appears to be Clarinda's niece, daughter of William Forrester ARMSTRONG, whose first wife (i.e., mother of Phoebe) has passed away.

5.  1860 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #25 of 28):  Waldo P.O., Village of Waldo, Marion Co., OH, Roll M653_1006, p. 412A, PN 99, 713/713, enumerated 10 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Phelander K Francis	48	M		Justice of Peace	1200	300	N York
Clarinda       "	42	F					Do
Josua A        "	21	M		Engeneer			Ohio
James M        "	18	M		Farming			Do
John M         "	15	M		Do			Do
Mary A         "	8	F					Do

6.  1870 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #24 of 27):  Waldo P.O., Village of Waldo, Marion Co., OH, Roll M593_1240, p. 211B, PN 4, 30/33, enumerated 8 Jun 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Francis Pilander K	58	M	W	School Teaching	1200	250	New York
_______ Clarinda	51	F	W	Milliner		300	"
Armstrong Phebe	74	F	W		500		Massachsetts

Phoebe is Clarinda's widowed mother.

7.  1880 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #3 of 21):  Incorporated Village of Waldo, Marion Co., OH, Roll T9_1046, p. 122C, PN 3, SD 5, ED 95, enumerated __ Jun 1880, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1880 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1880:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
1	2	3	4	5	6	8	9	10	13	14	21	24	25	26
27	28	Francis Philander	W	M	58			/	Farmer	2		NY	NY	MA
		_______ Clarinda	W	F	52	Wife		/	Milliner			NY	Eng	MA
		Armstrong Nora	W	F	18		/		at School	2	/	OH	OH	OH

Nora is Clarinda's niece, orphaned daughter of her brother, James S. ARMSTRONG.  Listed next to their married son, James FRANCIS.

8.  Paul J. Midlam & Barbara Midlam.  1985.  Marion County, Ohio, Cemetery Inscriptions (online at Heritage Pursuit):

FRANCIS, P.K.	d May 6 1884 Aged: 72y 4m 9d	Waldo [Cemetery]	Waldo [Twp.]
FRANCIS, Clarinda	w/o P.K. d Feb 25 1888 Aged: 70y 2m	Waldo [Cemetery]	Waldo [Twp.]
FRANCIS, Levi Kelsey	s/o P.K. & C. d Jul 29 1851 Aged: 3y 5m 7d	Waldo [Cemetery]	Waldo [Twp.]
FRANCIS, Mary Alice	d/o P.K. & C. d Jan 24 1861 Aged: 9y	Waldo [Cemetery]	Waldo [Twp.]

9.  Birthdate calculated using Ben Buckner's Birthdate Calculator.

Name	Deathdate	Age at Death	Result
P.K. FRANCIS	06 May 1884	_9d _4m 72y	27 Dec 1811
Clarinda FRANCIS	25 Feb 1888	__d _2m 70y	25 Dec 1817
Levi Kelsey FRANCIS	29 Jul 1851	_7d _5m _3y	22 Feb 1848

10.  WorldConnect / Ancestry World Trees (online at RootsWeb.com/Ancestry.com).