— said to be born in Fayette Co., KY:
.  Abraham VENABLE, b. 1786
.  (Daughter A) VENABLE, b. 1784-94
.  Hampden Sydney VENABLE, b. 1792; m. 7 Oct 1817, Madison Co., KY, Amelia GOGGIN
.  George VENABLE, b. 1797/8 
.  (Daughter B) VENABLE, b. 1800-1810
.  (Daughter C) VENABLE, b. 1800-1810
.  (Son A) VENABLE, b. 1804-1810 — presumably, this is James VENABLE

These last three are really stretching Mary's span of fecundity beyond reason.  Did Abraham have a second, younger wife?  Or are the young children with Abraham in the 1820 census his grandchildren?
?  (Son B) VENABLE, b. 1810-1820
?  (Daughter D) VENABLE, b. 1810-1820
?  (Daughter E) VENABLE, b. 1810-1820

Hampden Sydney, apparently named for his grandfather's alma mater, Hampden Sydney College, is in his 30s in the 1830 census; he is not found in later censuses.

1a.  Jordan R. Dodd, ed.  1993.  Virginia Marriages:  Early to 1850.  Liahona Research, Orem, UT (Broderbund CD-229; online at Ancestry.com):

Venable, Abraham

Morton, Mary

4 Aug 1783

Charlotte Co.

1b.  Jordan R. Dodd, ed.  1993.  Kentucky Marriages:  Early to 1850.  Liahona Research, Orem, UT (Broderbund CD-229):

Venable, Hampden Sidney

Goggin, Amelia

7 Oct 1817

Madison Co.

2.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service:  IGI - International Genealogical Index (online at FamilySearch.org).

Samuel VENABLE Birth: 1784, Louisa, Virginia Father: Abraham VENABLE; Mother: Mary MORTON Source: patron submission

Abraham VENABLE Birth: 1786, Fayette, Kentucky Father: Abraham VENABLE; Mother: Mary MORTON Source: patron submission

George VENABLE Birth: 1798, Fayette, Kentucky Father: Abraham VENABLE; Mother: Mary MORTON Source: patron submission

3.  Census Index:  Colonial America, 1607-1789 (Broderbund CD-310):

1787 Tax List	Venable, Abraham	KY	Fayette Co.
1788 Tax List	Venable, Abraham	KY	Fayette Co.

4.  Census Index:  U.S. Selected Counties, 1790 (Broderbund CD-311):  the 1790 VA/KY censuses were destroyed, but some KY tax lists are substituted on the CD.

1790 Tax List

Venable, Abram

KY

Fayette Co.

Abraham is the only VENABLE in KY, on this CD.

5.  Anon.  1991.  The 1795 Census of Kentucky [as constructed from tax lists].  T.L.C. Genealogy, Miami Beach, FL (said to include every extant tax list from the state of Kentucky for the year 1795):

Pg	Name	County
180	Venable, Abram	Fayette
180	Venable, Abram B	Fayette
180	Venable, Samuel	Fayette

These appear to be our subject and his two eldest sons; they are the only VENABLEs in KY (at least, in this book).

6.  Census Index:  U.S. Selected Counties, 1800 (Broderbund CD-312):  the 1800 VA/KY censuses were destroyed, but some KY tax lists are substituted on the CD.

1800 Tax List

Venible, Abraham

KY

Fayette Co.

The only other VENABLE in KY on this CD is Joseph VENABLE in Logan Co., KY.  Is this Abraham's brother?  Logan County was, then, adjacent to Christian County, where two of Abraham's sons ended up.

7.  1810 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #6 of 40; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1810

KY

Fayette Co.

p. 788

Ln. 21

Abraham Venible

02201-20101-0/12/

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
2 males	10-15	1794-1800	= George (b. 1798) = Hampden (b. 1792)
2 males	16-25	1784-1794	= Abraham (b. 1786) = Samuel (b. 1784)
1 male	45 or over	in or bef. 1765	= Abraham
2 females	9 or under	1800-1810	= Daughter C = Daughter B
1 female	16-25	1784-1794	= Daughter A
1 female	45 or over	in or bef. 1765	= Mary
12 slaves	all ages	in or bef. 1810	= ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

Either Hampden is in the wrong age class or we have his birthyear wrong; the 1830 census indicates he was born in the 1790s.

8.  1820 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #44 of 57; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1820

KY

Fayette Co.

Lexington

p. 121

Ln. 10

Abraham Venable

110101-21010-0-300

1101-5230

These data indicate:

No., Race, Gender	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 white male	9 or under	1810-1820	= (Grand?) Son? B
1 white male	10-15	1804-1810	= Son A
1 white male	19-25*	1794-1801	= George (b. 1798)
1 white male	45 or over	in or bef. 1775	= Abraham
2 white females	9 or under	1810-1820	= (Grand?) Daughter? E = (Grand?) Daughter? D
1 white female	10-15	1804-1810	= Daughter B or C
1 white female	26-44	1775-1794	= Daughter A (or 2nd wife?)
3	people engaged in agriculture
1 male slave	13 and under	1806-1820	= ?
1 male slave	14-25	1794-1806	= ?
1 male slave	45 or over	in or bef. 1775	= ?
5 female slaves	13 and under	1806-1820	= ? ? ? ? ?
2 female slaves	14-25	1794-1806	= ? ?
3 female slaves	26-44	1775-1794	= ? ? ?
*In the 1820 Census, the third column is age class 16-18 and the fourth column is age class 16-25; therefore, any individual in column three is duplicated in column four.  By subtracting the number in column three from the number in column four, you can create an age class "19-25."

9.  Census Index:  U.S. Selected Counties, 1830 (Broderbund CD-315):  can't find, at least, not in this index.

10.  James Walter Allen.  1982.  "Morton Family of Henrico, Prince Edward, and Brunswick Counties, Virginia."  Pages 805-815 in Genealogies of Virginia Families: from the William and Mary College Quarterly Historical Magazine.  Genealogical Publ. Co., Baltimore, MD (Broderbund CD-186):

p. 807

6 Samuel3 Morton... married Ann Moore daughter of George Moore of Amelia Co... 10 Mary4Morton born circa 1763 married Judge Abraham Venable in 1783 and soon afterwards moved to Lexington Kentucky.

11.  Joseph J. Casey. 1982. "Genealogy of the Venable Family, as Prepared by Nathaniel Venable, of Prince Edward County, Va., Dated December 25, 1790."  Pages 308-311 in Genealogies of Virginia Families: from the William and Mary College Quarterly Historical Magazine.  Genealogical Publ. Co., Baltimore, MD (Broderbund CD-186):

p. 310

James, the son of Abraham the second, married to Judith Morton, daughter of Joseph Morton, of Charlotte county, has issue sons, Abraham, Joseph, Samuel, James, and daughters Agnes, married to William Mahone, of Prince Edward county; Elizabeth Jane, Mary Ann married to Dr. George Lynn, of Charlotte county; Frances; and Martha Davis. Abraham, son of James, married to Mary Morton, daughter of Samuel Morton, of Charlotte county, has issue sons, Samuel and James...

Why no mention of George?  Is George really this Abraham's son?

12.  Mary Stuart Green Edmunds.  1982.  "Edmunds Family."  Pages 642-669 in Genealogies of Virginia Families: from the William and Mary College Quarterly Historical Magazine.  Genealogical Publ. Co., Baltimore, MD (Broderbund CD-186):

p. 659

Among the children of James & Judith Morton Venable was Abraham Venable who married Sally Morton, daughter of Samuel Morton and Mary Moore Morton.  One of the children of Abraham and Sally Venable was Dr. George Venable...

13.  Messages posted to the Venable Family Genealogy Forum (online at GenForum.com).