— born in Huntingdon/Bedford [now Blair] Co., PA:
  6.  (Son B) STROUP, b. 1830-35
  7.  (Son C) STROUP, b. 1830-35
  8.  James M. STROUP, b. 1834/5
  9.  Peter STROUP, b. 1836/7
10.  Samuel STROUP, b. 1837
11.  Mary J. STROUP, b. 1838-41
12.  Nancy Ann STROUP, b. 1840-43; m. 14 Dec 1864, Marion Co., IL, George Harvey BEALE (b. 1840, Juniata Co., PA); lived Baxter Springs, KS
13.  Sarah STROUP, b. 1844; m. Mr. McGRAW

Peter was living in the household in the 1860 census, but not in the 1850 or 1840 censuses, which is hard to explain.  James was not living in the household in 1850, though he did not marry til ca. 1858.  Are James and Peter really their sons?  Secondary sources say, yes.

1.  Marriage Record:

2.  Census Index:  U.S. Selected Counties, 1820 (Broderbund CD-314):  not found.

3.  1830 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #11 of 22; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1830

PA

Huntingdon [now Blair] Co.

Woodbury

p. 164

Ln. 10

Barney Stroup

230 001 - 000 001

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
2 males	4 or under	1825-1830	= Son A = William (b. 1825/6)
3 males	5-9	1820-1825	= Robert (b. 1824) = David (b. 1821/2) = Eli (b. 1820)
1 male	30-39	1790-1800	= Bernard (b. 1798/9)
1 female	30-39	1790-1800	= Jane (b. 1798)

4.  1840 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #11 of 20; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1840

PA

Bedford [now Blair] Co.

North Woodberry

p. 351B-352A

Ln. 6

Stroup Bernard

132 301 - 100 101

_______

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 male	4 or under	1835-1840	= Samuel (b. 1837)
3 male	5-9	1830-1835	= James (b. ca. 1834) = Son C = Son B
2 male	10-14	1825-1830	= Son A = William (b. 1825/6)
3 male	15-19	1820-1825	= Robert (b. 1824) = David (b. 1821/2) = Eli (b. 1820)
1 male	30-39	1800-1810	= Bernard (b. 1798/9)
1 female	4 or under	1835-1840	= Mary (b. 1838/9)
1 female	15-19	1820-1825	= ?
1 female	30-39	1800-1810	= Jane (b. 1798)

Both Bernard and Jane are listed in the wrong age class, but there's little doubt these are our subjects.  The older girl did not appear in the 1830 Census, so she would not appear to be their daughter, though I suppose it's possible she was missed by the census-taker in 1830.  Certainly, with ten males in the house and a baby daughter, Jane would have need some female hired help!  Listed one line above Shem GRAYBILL, in one direction; in the other direction, three lines down from John GRAYBILL, who is two lines below Joel GRAYBILL.

5.  1850 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #108 of 350):  North Woodberry Twp., Blair Co., PA, p. 55A, 17/17, enumerated 14 Aug 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Barney Stroup	51	M	Farmer	$9,800	Penna
Nancy Stroup	54	F			"
Saml Stroup	13	M			"
Mary Stroup	11	F			"
Nancy Stroup	9	F			"
Sarah Stroup	6	F			"

Where are Peter and James?  James did not marry until ca. 1858, so he should still be at home.  Is he really their son?  Listed next to Michael GRAYBILL (æ 43, b. PA, wife Sarah), who is listed two households from Shem GRAYBILL, in one direction; in the other direction, listed three households from William STROUP, who would appear to be their son.

6.  1860 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #497 of 712):  Taylor Twp., Blair Co., PA, p. 497, PN 42, 283/283, enumerated 12 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Bernard Stroup	59	M		Farmer	23,400	3000	Penna
Nancy     "	60	F					"
Peter     "	23	M		Farm Laborer			"
Samuel    "	22	M					"
Mary J.   "	18	F					"
Ann       "	17	F					"
Sarah     "	15	F					"

Peter was not living with the family in either the 1850 or 1840 census, so he would not seem to be their son; yet, his placement on this entry says he is.

7.  1870 Census Index/Images (online at Genealogy.com):  not found.

8.  1880 United States Census and National Index (LDS Family History Resource File: CD-ROM Library):  not found.

9.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service:  AF - Ancestral File (online at FamilySearch.org).

10.  Messages posted to the STROUP Surname Board (online at Ancestry.com), including these items:

from "Who's Who in the Early Records" in the publication "The People of Mifflin County, 1755 - 1798," a David Stroup appears in the records with the following taxable assets: a house worth $106, log, 1 story, 1 window with 4 panes, 22 x 18 with a springhouse. From the publication "Mifflin County Obituaries," David Stroup of Union Township died 5-24-1850, age 94.

In "History of Westmorland Co." it tells about Sarah E. Stroup married to Mr. McGraw.  Sarah was Bernard Stroup's daughter and it tells that Bernard was the son of David Stroup.

I rather doubt that Bernard was David's son.  David appears to have lived his entire life in Mifflin County, while Bernard lived his in Blair County.  There is also some tentative aDNA evidence suggesting Bernard is related to the Hg I1-L592 STRAUBs, while an individual decended from David's alleged son, John, is Hg R-M269 — in other words, they're not remotely related.  Further testing can give us the answer.