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Elias STRAUSS
Catharine __?__
Husband:  Elias STRAUSS / STROUSE / STRAUP
Birth:  1800, PA
Occupation:  farmer
Siblings:  Margaret "Peggy" STRAUSS (1797/8- ), David STRAUSS (1805/6), Isaac STRAUSS (1819/20)
Father:  Mr. STRAUSS
Mother:  Eve __?__, b. 1769/70, PA
Marriage:
Wife:  Catharine __?__
Children — born in PA, either Schuylkill Co., PA, or Carbon Co., PA:
1.  Eliza STRAUSS, b. 1831/2
2.  Joseph STRAUSS, b. 1835
3.  (Son A) STRAUSS, b. 1835-40
4.  Jacob STRAUSS, b. 24 Sep 1843; d. 18 Sep 1856; buried St. John's Church Cemetery, Palmerton, Carbon Co., PA
Keywords for search engines:  genealogy; USA, US, United States, Pennsylvania

Sources:

1.  Tombstone Readings:  St. John's Church Cemetery, Freline Road, Palmerton, Towamensing Twp., [Carbon Co.,] Pa  [link died]:
Row 6...
13. Jacob Straup, son of Elias and Catharine Straup, Sept 24 1843, Sep 18 1856, 13 years less 6 days
If Jacob was born in 1843 and died in 1856, he should be in the 1850 census.  However, I can find no Elias & Catharine STRAUP with son Jacob in the 1850 census in Pennsylvania, but see the following sources.

2.  1840 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #15 of 18; this enumerator did not record occupations; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):
1840 PA Schuylkill Co. West Penn Twp. Roll M704_492 p. 148B Ln. 20 Elias Strouse 200 001 - 010 000 100
These data indicate:
No. & Sex Age Class Therefore Born Individuals Inferred
2 males 4 or under 1835-1840 = Son A
= Joseph (b. 1835)
1 male 30-39 1800-1810 = Elias (b. 1800)
1 female 5-9 1830-1835 = Eliza (b. 1831/2)
1 female 40-49 1790-1800 = Catharine 
This is the only Elias STRAUSS (or variation) in the entire 1840 census; there is no Elias STRAUP (or variation), at all.

3a.  1850 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #16 of 37 — indexed "Strauss," but incorrectly as being on p. 380 and linked to p. 380A):  Mahoning Twp., Carbon Co., PA, p. 381B, 114/126, enumerated 19 Oct 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):
Elias Strauƒs [long-s] 50 M   Farmer   Penna  
Eliza 18 F       "  
Eve Strauss [short-ss] 70 F     1600 "  
Peggy 52 F       " Deaf & Dumb
David 44 M   None   " Deaf & Dumb
Isaac 30 M   None   " Deaf & Dumb
My interpretation of this record is that Elias is a widower or divorcé, that Eliza is his daughter, that Eve is his mother, and that the rest are his siblings.  His son, Jacob, is listed four houseolds away (see next source).  He is the only Elias STRAUSS (or variation) in Carbon Co., PA.  There is no Eli/Elias STRAUP (or variation) in Carbon County.  (The Eli STROUP in Blair County is an unmarried laborer living with another family, i.e., no wife or children.)  I can't find Catharine.

3b.  1850 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #14 of 37):  Mahoning Twp., Carbon Co., PA, p. 380B, 100/112, enumerated 19 Oct 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):
Conrad Kaser 50 M   Farmer 1200 Penna
Rebecca 35 F       "
Jacob Strauss [short-ss]  7 M       "
Joseph Straus [short-s] 15 M   Farmer   "
This Jacob appears to be the son of Elias who later died and is buried in St. John's Cemetery.  Joseph also appears to be a son of Elias.

4.  1860 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #44-45 of 50):  Mahoning Twp., Carbon Co., PA, pp. 974-975, PN 65-66, 443/320, enumerated 27 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):
Moses Rex 24 M   Mason 1500 400 Pa  
Sarah 23 F         "  
[next page]
[Moses & Sarah's children]
Salome Joyman 50 F         "  
Cath Straup 54 F         " Pauper
Is this Catharine, wife of Elias?

5.  1870 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #30 of 40):  Lehighton P.O., Mahoning Twp., Carbon Co., PA, p. 179B, PN 30, 208/224, enumerated 1 Aug 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):
Fryman Thomas 34 M W Farmer   500 Pa
______ Susan 31 F W Keeping House     Pa
[Thomas & Susan's children]
Strous Catharine 66 F W At Home     Pa

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