— born in Greenwood Twp., Perry Co., PA, or Greenwood Twp., Juniata Co., PA:
6.  (Son B) STROUP, b. 1830-35
7.  Susanna STROUP, b. 1830-35
8.  Elizabeth STROUP, b. 1830-35
9.  Mary Jane STROUP, b. 11 Apr 1837; d. 1 Apr 1846; bur. East Salem Cem.

There are two John STROUPs who are candidates for being our subject's son, John.
.  John B. STROUP, b. 5 Feb 1830
.  John S. STROUP, b. 31 Oct 1835 

1.  Marriage Record:

2.  1820 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #4 of 5; the 1820 Perry County forms were non-standard; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1820

PA

Perry Co.

Greenwood Twp.

p. 364

Ln. 25

Stroup Peter

100100-00100-100

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 male	9 or under	1810-1820	= Samuel (b. 1820)
1 male	19-25*	1794-1801	= Peter (b. 1799)
1 female	16-25	1794-1804	= Catherine (b. 1797/8)
1	person engaged in agriculture
*In the 1820 Census, the third column is age class 16-18 and the fourth column is age class 16-25; therefore, any individual in column three is duplicated in column four.  By subtracting the number in column three from the number in column four, you can create an age class "19-25."

3.  1830 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #5 of 8; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1830

PA

Perry Co.

Greenwood Twp.

p. 331

Ln. 14

Peter Stroup

220 001 - 010 001

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
2 males	4 or under	1825-1830	= Son A = Peter (b. 1825/6)
2 males	5-9	1820-1825	= Nathan (b. 1821/2) = Samuel (b. 1820)
1 male	30-39	1790-1800	= Peter (b. 1799)
1 female	5-9	1820-1825	= Catharine (b. 1823)
1 female	30-39	1790-1800	= Catherine (b. 1797/8)

4.  1840 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #7-8 of 16; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1840

PA

Juniata Co.

Greenwood Twp.

pp. 220B-221A

Ln. 5

Peter Stroub

011 200 100 - 120 100 100

0102000

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 male	5-9	1830-1835	= Son A or B
1 male	10-14	1825-1830	= Peter (b. 1825/6)
2 males	15-19	1820-1825	= Nathan (b. 1821/2) = Samuel (b. 1820-23)
1 male	40-49	1790-1800	= Peter (b. 1799)
1 female	4 or under	1835-1840	= Mary Jane (b. 1837)
2 females	5-9	1830-1835	= Elizabeth = Susanna
1 female	15-19	1820-1825	= Catharine (b. 1823)
1 female	40-49	1790-1800	= Catherine (b. 1797/8)
1	person engaged in agriculture
2	persons engaged in manufacture and trade

5.  1850 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #17 of 38):  Greenwood Twp., Juniata Co., PA, Roll M432_786, p. 310, 2023/2053, enumerated  2 Nov 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Cath Stroup	52	F			Penna
Peter Stroup	24	M		Black Smith	"
Catharine Stroup	21	F			"
Joannah Stroup	2	F			"
Thos. Hart	19	M		Black Smith	"

Where's Susanna?  Presumably, the younger Catharine is Peter's wife and Joannah is their daughter.  Listed between sons Samuel STROUP and Nathan STROUP. 

6.  1860 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #149 of 430):  Millerstown P.O., Greenwood Twp., Juniata Co., PA, p. 621, PN 215, 1494/1, enumerated 31 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Cath Stroup	56	F		widow		300	Penna
Susanna	24	F					"

Both women are fibbing about their age.  Listed six households from son Samuel STROUP. 

7.  1870 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com):  not found.

8.  1880 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com):  not found.

9.  East Salem Presbyterian / United Brethren Cemetery, Delaware Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania (online at the Juniata County PAGenWeb site; contributed by Vi P. Limric):

STROUB,	Peter	26 Oct 1799	21 Mar 1847
STROUP,	Catharine w/o Peter	15 Feb 1798	22 Jul 1885
STROUP,	Mary Jane d/o Peter & Cath.	1 Apr 1846	8-11-21

Catharine is not found in the 1870 and 1880 censuses, and if she had died in 1885, she would have been 87 years old, a remarkable age for her time.  So, was her birthyear misread?  It would be easy to misread 1865 as 1885 on a worn stone, and the earlier date would make much more sense.  The date for Mary is her death date, not her birth date; the second set of numbers is her age at death in years-months-days.

10.  Birthdate calculated using Ben Buckner's Birthdate Calculator.

Name	Deathdate	Age at Death	Result
Mary Jane STROUP	1 Apr 1846	21d - 11m - 8y	11 Apr 1837

11.  Juniata County, PA.  Will Book A, p. 322 (courtesy of Susan M. Gates Davis):

Peter Stroub, Greenwood Township; dated 19 Mar 1847; proved 17 Apr 1847;  widow: Catherine; children: Samuel, Nathan, Peter, John, Catherine, Susannah, Elizabeth.

12.  Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, Deed Book ? (photocopies courtesy of Shirley Straub Morton).
For full transcription, please see this page; summary below (by Diana Gale Matthiesen) 

Grantor:	Andrew STRAUB / STROUB / STROUP, & wife, Barbara, of Greenwood Township, Cumberland [now Perry] County, Pennsylvania
Grantee:	Peter STRAUB of Greenwood Township, Cumberland [now Perry] County, Pennsylvania
Tract:	155 acres in Greenwood Township, Cumberland [now Perry] County, Pennsylvania
Adjacent Landowners:	McCONNELS, MAGAHAYS, Leonard PFOUTS
Provisions:	Joseph STRAUB to have access to spring (for drinking water)
Prior Conveyance:	n.d., Edward QUIN to Samuel REED
Prior Conveyance:	2 Sep 1800, heirs of Samuel REED to Andrew STRAUB
Date Indenture Signed:	8 Nov 1819
Witnesses:	Jno. CRAINE, J. HUGGENS
Date Proved:	1 Jan 1820 (witness, J. HUGGIN)
Date Recorded:	13 Apr 1820
Place Recorded:	Book ?, pp. 102-103, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
Recorder:	David Milliken

Andrew is presumed to be Peter's father.  Peter would not have come of age until 26 Oct 1820, so is his tombstone wrong with regard to his birthyear?  Was the stone misread? Was he really born in 1798, not 1799?

13.  A.L. Guss.  1886.  "Chapter XXI: Greenwood Township." Pages 885-891 in F. Ellis & A.N. Hungerford, eds.  History of That Part of the Susquehanna and Juniata Valleys Embraced in the Counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.  Everts, Peck & Richards, Philadelphia. 

... The Seven Star Tavern was built in 1818 by Peter Stroup.  It has been kept by several, and since 1860 has been kept by Thomas COX... SCHOOLS.—The earliest school-house said to have been in the township was built of logs on the Stroup farm, in 1788, and taught by ___ Elder.  About 1810 a house was built at the Seven Star Tavern, in which school was taught by Archibald Steward and Peter Dawson (who was blind in one eye and very much of a humorist), William McComb and his wife, Frank Luke, Samuel Dimm and Andrew Stroup. In 1814 a school-house was built near Cargill's mill (now Dimm's), not far from the present one.  In 1828 a house was erected near where James Cox now lives, which was used until the school system was accepted, in 1836.  The township at present has four schools,— Dimm's, Wilt, Dressler, and Ferguson,— which contain one hundred and forty-eight pupils.