U.S. Senator Barack OBAMA
descendant of Johann Pieter STRAUB, 1733 immigrant to Philadelphia, PA
Peter STROUP, Sr.
Catharine __?__
Husband:  Peter STROUB / STROUP, Sr.
Birth:  26 Oct 1799
Death:  Mar/Apr 1847, Greenwood Twp., Juniata Co., PA
Occupation:  farmer
Father:  Andrew STRAUB, Founder of Freeburg
Mother:  Barbara __?__
Marriage:
Wife:  Catharine __?__
Birth:  1797/8, PA
Occupation:  homemaker
Children — born in Greenwood Twp., Perry Co., PA:
1.  Samuel STROUP, b. 1820 
2.  Nathan STROUP, b. 1821/2 
3.  Catharine STROUP, b. Dec 1823
4.  Peter STROUP, Jr., b. 1825/6 
5.  (Son A) STROUP, b. 1825-30
6.  (Son B) STROUP, b. 1830-35
7.  Elizabeth STROUP, b. 1830-35
8.  Mary Jane STROUP, b. 1830-35; d. by 1847
9.  Susanna STROUP, b. 1835/6

Son A and Son B could be one person, born in 1830.  If they are not one person, then Son A had to have died young.

There are two John STROUPs who are candidates for being our subject's son, John.
John B. STROUP, b. 5 Feb 1830
John S. STROUP, b. 31 Oct 1835 

Keywords from search engines:  USA, US, United States, Pennsylvania

Sources (n.b., the two Greenwood Twps. are adjacent, on opposite sides of the Perry-Juniata county line, so Peter's change in location between 1830 and 1840 was a genuine move, if a short one):

1.  Marriage Record:

2.  1820 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #4 of 5; the 1820 Perry County forms were non-standard; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
1820 PA Perry Co. Greenwood Twp. p. 364 Ln. 25 Stroup Peter 100100-00100-100
These data indicate:
No. & Sex  Age Class Therefore Born Individuals Inferred
1 male 9 or under 1810-1820 = Samuel (b. 1820)
1 male 19-25* 1794-1801 = Peter (b. 1799)
1 female 16-25 1794-1804 = Catherine (b. 1797/8)
1 person engaged in agriculture
*In the 1820 Census, the third column is age class 16-18 and the fourth column is age class 16-25; therefore, any individual in column three is duplicated in column four.  By subtracting the number in column three from the number in column four, you can create an age class "19-25."

3.  1830 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #5 of 8; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
1830 PA Perry Co. Greenwood Twp. p. 331 Ln. 14 Peter Stroup 220 001 - 010 001
These data indicate:
No. & Sex  Age Class Therefore Born Individuals Inferred
2 males 4 or under 1825-1830 = Son A (b. 1830)
= Peter (b. 1825/6)
2 males 5-9 1820-1825 = Nathan (b. 1821/2)
= Samuel (b. 1820)
1 male 30-39 1790-1800 = Peter (b. 1799)
1 female 5-9 1820-1825 = Catharine (b. 1823)
1 female 30-39 1790-1800 = Catherine (b. 1797/8)

4.  1840 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #7-8 of 16; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
1840 PA Juniata Co. Greenwood Twp. pp. 220B-221A Ln. 5 Peter Stroub 011 200 100 - 120 100 100 0102000
These data indicate:
No. & Sex Age Class Therefore Born Individuals Inferred
1 male 5-9 1830-1835 = Son A (b. 1830) or Son B (b. 1835)
1 male 10-14 1825-1830 = Peter (b. 1825/6)
2 males 15-19 1820-1825 = Nathan (b. 1821/2)
= Samuel (b. 1820/22/23)
1 male 40-49 1790-1800 = Peter (b. 1799)
1 female 4 or under 1835-1840 = Susanna (b. 1835/6)
2 females 5-9 1830-1835 = Mary Jane
= Elizabeth
1 female 15-19 1820-1825 = Catharine (b. 1823)
1 female 40-49 1790-1800 = Catherine (b. 1797/8) 
1 person engaged in agriculture
2 persons engaged in manufacture and trade

5.  1850 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #17 of 38):  Greenwood Twp., Juniata Co., PA, Roll M432_786, p. 310, 2023/2053, enumerated  2 Nov 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
Cath Stroup 52 F     Penna
Peter Stroup 24 M   Black Smith   "
Catharine Stroup 21 F       "
Joannah Stroup  2 F       "
Thos. Hart 19 M   Black Smith   "
Where's Susanna?  Presumably, the younger Catharine is Peter's wife and Joannah is their daughter.  Listed between sons Samuel STROUP and Nathan STROUP

6.  1860 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #149 of 430):  Millerstown P.O., Greenwood Twp., Juniata Co., PA, p. 621, PN 215, 1494/1, enumerated 31 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•
Cath Stroup 56 F   widow   300 Penna
Susanna 24 F         "
Listed six households from son Samuel STROUP

7.  Juniata County, PA.  Will Book A, p. 322 (courtesy of Susan M. Gates Davis):
Peter Stroub, Greenwood Township;
dated 19 Mar 1847; proved 17 Apr 1847; 
widow: Catherine;
children: Samuel, Nathan, Peter, John, Catherine, Susannah, Elizabeth.

8.  Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, Deed Book ?, pp. 102-103 (photocopies courtesy of Shirley Straub Morton).
Summary below; for full transcription, please see this page.
Grantor: Andrew STRAUB / STROUB / STROUP, & wife, Barbara,
of Greenwood Township, Cumberland [now Perry] County, Pennsylvania
Grantee: Peter STRAUB
of Greenwood Township, Cumberland [now Perry] County, Pennsylvania
Tract: 155 acres
in Greenwood Township, Cumberland [now Perry] County, Pennsylvania
Adjacent Landowners: McCONNELS, MAGAHAYS, Leonard PFOUTS
Provisions: Joseph STRAUB to have access to spring (for drinking water)
Prior Conveyance: n.d., Edward QUIN to Samuel REED
Prior Conveyance: 2 Sep 1800, heirs of Samuel REED to Andrew STRAUB
Date Indenture Signed: 8 Nov 1819
Witnesses: Jno. CRAINE, J. HUGGENS
Date Proved: 1 Jan 1820 (witness, J. HUGGIN)
Date Recorded: 13 Apr 1820
Place Recorded: Book ?, pp. 102-103, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
Recorder: David Milliken
Andrew is presumed to be Peter's father.  It appears Peter bought the land as he came of age, which should have been 26 Oct 1820, as he was born 26 Oct 1799.  So, do we have the wrong birthyear for him?  Was it really 1798?

9.  A.L. Guss.  1886.  "Chapter XXI: Greenwood Township." Pages 885-891 in F. Ellis & A.N. Hungerford, eds.  History of That Part of the Susquehanna and Juniata Valleys Embraced in the Counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.  Everts, Peck & Richards, Philadelphia. 
... The Seven Star Tavern was built in 1818 by Peter Stroup.  It has been kept by several, and since 1860 has been kept by Thomas COX...

SCHOOLS.—The earliest school-house said to have been in the township was built of logs on the Stroup farm, in 1788, and taught by ___ Elder. 

About 1810 a house was built at the Seven Star Tavern, in which school was taught by Archibald Steward and Peter Dawson (who was blind in one eye and very much of a humorist), William McComb and his wife, Frank Luke, Samuel Dimm and Andrew Stroup.

In 1814 a school-house was built near Cargill's mill (now Dimm's), not far from the present one. 

In 1828 a house was erected near where James Cox now lives, which was used until the school system was accepted, in 1836.  The township at present has four schools,— Dimm's, Wilt, Dressler, and Ferguson,— which contain one hundred and forty-eight pupils.

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