William is said to have died in 1888, but his wife is a widow in the 1880 census.  So, was his tombstone mis-read?

1.  Marriage Record:

2.  1840 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #3-4 of 8; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1840

PA

Clinton Co.

Allison Twp.

Roll 450

pp. 308B-309A

Ln. 10

Wm Stroub

000 020 - 210 030

0002000

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
2 males	20-29	1810-1820	= William (b. 1808/9) = ?
2 females	4 or under	1835-1840	= Harriet (b. 1839/40) = ?
1 female	5-9	1830-1835	= ?
3 females	20-29	1810-1820	= Elizabeth (b. 1811/12) = ? = ?
2	persons employed in manufactures and trade

William is in the wrong age-class, and there is obviously another family living with them, but surely these are our subjects.

3.  1850 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #10 of 10 — indexed "Stranuter"):  Allison Twp., Clinton Co., PA, Roll M432_768, p. 67B, 71/71, enumerated 12 Sep 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Wm Strauube?/Straunter?	41	M		Carpenter	1000	Penna
Elisabeth	38	F				"
Hariett	10	F				"
Sommmerfield	8	M				"
Laura	5	F				"
Melchi	3	M				"
Martha	1	F				"

Heaven only knows what the enumerator thought he was trying to spell.

4.  1860 Census Index/Images (online at Genealogy.com, Image #1 of 18 — indexed "Strout"):  Mill Hall P.O., Allison Twp., Clinton Co., PA, Roll 1097 (Book 1), p. 1, PN 225, 1561/1554, enumerated 10 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

William Stroub	51	M		Carpenter	500	100	Penna
Elizabeth   "	48	F					"
Summerfield "	18	M					"
Melbia?     "	15	M					"
Martha      "	10	F					"
William     "	5	M					"
Agnes       "	1	F					"

5.  1870 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com and Genealogy.com):  can't find, but Allison Twp. and Castanea Twp. are missing at both sources.

6.  1880 Census (indexed at FamilySearch.org; page image online at Ancestry.com, Image #25 of 27 — Elizabeth is indexed "Stranb" and James is indexed "Nestleron"):  Castanea Twp., Clinton Co., PA, p. 546A, PN 24, SD 7, ED 245, enumerated 11 Jun 1880, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1880 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1880:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).

1

2

3

4

5

6

8

9

10

11

13

24

25

26

42

43

Straub Elizabeth

W

F

66

/

Keeping House

PA

PA

PA

Nestleroe James

W

M

24

/

/

Laborer

PA

PA

PA

_________ Agnes

W

F

24

Wife

/

Keeping House

PA

PA

PA

_________ Edgar A

W

M

2

Son

/

PA

PA

PA

_________ Maud C

W

F

4/12

Dau

PA

PA

PA

Agnes (STRAUB) NESTLEROAD is Elizabeth's married daughter.  Listed next to Elizabeth's son, Charles M. STRAUB, and his wife, Sarah E. NESTLEROAD, who are listed next to Lore [Lorenzo] & Ellen (__?__) NESTLEROAD.

7.  1890 Census:  the 1890 Census Population Schedules were destroyed.

8  Highland Cemetery, Lock Haven, Clinton Co., PA (online at Stephen Straub's web site; primary data are not distinguished from secondary sources, so confirm what you find):

Name	Birthdate	Deathdate	Parents	Spouse	Source
Straub William P	8 Jul 1809	21 May 1888		Elizabeth Fritz
Straub Elizabeth	5 Aug 1813	1 Jan 1890		William P. Straub

William appears to have died before the 1880 census (where his wife calls herself widowed), so is this even our subject?  Or was William's death date on the stone mis-read?  There is no other William STRAUB in all of Pennsylvania who is a likely candidate to be this one buried in Lock Haven.

9.  Broderbund.  World Family Trees.  Volume 33, Pedigree No. 1390.  Says Summerfield married Arvilla MYERS and Priscilla MEYERS, but the widow applying for his Civil War pension was Mary E. STRAUB.