Thaddaeus is a scriptural name.  "Thaddæus" is the Greek spelling while "Thaddeus" is the English spelling (forms with a single "d" are mis-spellings).

Prisca is a Latin scriptural name, of which "Priscilla" is a nickname.

— born in Wuerttemberg:
  9.  Valentine STRAUB, b. Feb 1832 
10.  Mary Anna STRAUB, b. 1832/3 
11.  Anna / Hanna / Hanah / Hannah STRAUB, b. 1834/5 

— born in OH, presumably in Butler Co., OH:
12.  Jacob STRAUB, b. 1838/9 
13.  Sophia STRAUB, b. 1840/1 

("St. Genovefa" [Genevieve] was a legendary figure in the Rhineland. Dionysius and Cleophas are Greek names from scripture.  The English/French form of Dionysius is Dennis, by which name the son went.)

1.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service:  IGI - International Genealogical Index (online at FamilySearch.org).

Thadae STRAUB; Spouse: Priska Riester; Marriage: 17 Nov 1818

Prisca RIESTER; Birth [surely Christening]: 14 Jan 1802 Father: Josephus RIESTER; Mother: Josepha MERZ

Dionysius STRAUB, Christening: 10 Oct 1819 Genovefa STRAUB, Christening: 30 Dec 1820 Johanna STRAUB, Christening: 18 May 1822 Felicitas STRAUB, Christening: 09 Jun 1823; Death: 26 Jul 1823 Father: Thaddaeus STRAUB; Mother: Prisca RIESTER

Felix STRAUB, Christening: 07 Jun 1824 Annastasia STRAUB, Christening: 14 Apr 1826 Josefus STRAUB, Christening: 30 Jan 1828 Cleophas STRAUB, Christening: 25 Sep 1829 Father: Thaddae STRAUB; Mother: Prisca RIESTER

Location for all: Katholisch, Felldorf, Schwarzwaldkreis, Wuerttemberg Source: LDS Film #0958273: Kirchenbuch, 1801-1968, Katholische Kirche Felldorf (OA. Horb)

"Kreis" are civil districts roughly equivalent to U.S. counties.  A translation of "Schwarz-wald-kreis" would be Black Forest District.

2.  1840 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #20-21 of 28 — number pages precede name pages; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1840

OH

Butler Co.

St. Clair Twp.

Roll 380 (Book 1)

pp. 90A-90B

Ln. 19

Thaddeus Strout

112 110 100 - 021 101 000

0200000

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 male	4 or under	1835-1840	= Jacob (b. 1838/9)
1 male	5-9	1830-1835	= Valentine (b. 1831/2)
2 males	10-14	1825-1830	= Cleophas (b. 1829/30) = Joseph (b. 1828)
1 male	15-19	1820-1825	= Felix (b. 1823/4)
1 male	20-29	1810-1820	= Dionysius (b. 1819)
1 male	40-49	1790-1800	= Thaddeus (b. 1792/3)
2 females	5-9	1830-1835	= Hannah (b. 1834/5) = Mary (b. 1832/3)
1 female	10-14	1825-1830	= Anastasia (b. 1826)
1 female	15-19	1820-1825	= Johanna (b. 1821)
1 female	30-39	1800-1810	= Rister (b. 1801/2)
2	person employed in agriculture

3a.  1850 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #36 of 63):  St. Clair Twp., Butler Co., OH, p. 137B, 281/287, enumerated 16 Sep 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Thadeus Straub	57	M		Farmer	1350	Germany
Rister     "	48	F				"
Voluntine  "	18	M		"		Ohio
Mary A     "	17	F				"
Hanah      "	15	F				"
Jacob      "	11	M				"
Sophia     "	9	F				"

Where are the older children?  If they really came to America in 1836, then only Jacob and Sophia were born in Ohio.  In the 1860 census, Valentine gives his birthplace as Wuerttemberg.

3b.  1850 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #73 of 144):  Fairfield Twp., Butler Co., OH, p. 250A, 595/614, enumerated 2 Jul 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Cleophus Straub

20

M

Clerk

Germany

Lodger in boarding house.

3c.  1850 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #31 of 54):  Madison Twp., Butler Co., OH, p. 345A, 213/219, enumerated 27 Sep 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Joseph Stroub

22

M

Cooper

Ger

Living with the John H. HOUBLER family of PA. Someone later, in another hand, added a notation that records from p. 344B to p. 346A were in Poasttown.  Given Joseph's occupation, he probably did live in a village or town.

4a.  1860 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #8 of 58):  Hamilton P.O., Hamilton (Ward 1), St. Clair Twp., Butler Co., OH, Roll 941 (Book 1), p. 328B, PN8, 65/65, enumerated 4 Jun 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Thaddeus Straub	67	M		Farmer	1000	75	Wurtemburg Germ
Brisca	58	F					do      do
Jane	39	F					do      do
Bridget Burns	22	F		Servant			Ireland

Is Jane their spinster daughter or their widowed daughter-in-law?  If the former, where was she in 1850?

4b.  1860 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #6 of 54):  Hamilton P.O., Hamilton (Ward 3), Butler Co., OH, Roll 941 (Book 1), p. 444A, PN 143, 1002/1066, enumerated 30 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Sophia Straub

19

F

Ohio

Living with the Philip & Anna HUREN? family.

5.  1870 Census Index/Images (online at Genealogy.com, Image #62 of 62):  Hamilton P.O., Hotel, City of Hamilton (Ward 1), [St. Clair Twp.,] Butler Co., OH, Roll 1176 (Book 1), p. 62B, PN 62, enumerated 23 Jun 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1870:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

15

19

492

516

Weiler Eugene A

25

M

W

Hotel Keeper

15000

4000

Pennsylvania

/

/

/

______ Josephine

24

F

W

Land Lady

Ohio

/

/

______ Lillian C

1

F

W

At home

Ohio

Straub Eve

45

F

W

Ass't Landlady

Baden

/

/

______ Pauline

17

F

W

At home

Ohio

/

/

______ Eve

11

F

W

Attending School

Ohio

/

/

/

______ Phaddus

77

M

W

Living with Daughter

5000

Wurtemberg

/

/

/

Krieg Barbara

66

F

W

Without Occupation

4000

700

Baden

/

/

16 other staff and guests…

Eve STRAUB, widow of Felix STRAUB, is Thaddeus STRAUB's daughter-in-law, not his daughter.  Josephine is Eve's married daughter, and Barbara is Eve's thrice-widowed mother.

6.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service:  AF - Ancestral File (online at FamilySearch.org).

7.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service:  IGI - International Genealogical Index (online at FamilySearch.org).

8.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service: Pedigree Resource File (index to CDs, online at FamilySearch.org).

9.  Archives of the STRAUB-L mailing list (online at RootsWeb.com).