— born in Sheldon, Wyoming Co., NY:
2.  Francis "Frank" STRAUB, b. 13 Jan 1842 
3.  Margaret / Margarette STRAUB, b. 1842/3; d. 1862
4.  Maria  / Mary STRAUB, b. 1845/6; d. 1871; m. John GRIMM — can't find in 1870 census, and I really looked
5.  Louisa "Lucy" STRAUB, b. 1847/8; d.s.p. 26 Jun 1855 (æ 7); bur. St. Cecilia's Cem.
6.  Sophia STRAUB, b. 1850/1
7.  John STRAUB, b. 1852/3; d.s.p. 9 Oct 1872 (æ 19); bur. St. Cecilia's Cem.
8.  Elias? Eliud? Eli STRAUB, b. Mar 1857 
9.  Alice "Ella / Allie" STRAUB, b. 1857/8

1.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service:  IGI - International Genealogical Index (online at FamilySearch.org).

-

DOROTHEA ELISABETH BABST Christening: 24 Jul 1814, Roemisch-Katholische, Bergzabern, Pfalz, Bayern Father: FRANCISCI JOSEPHI BABST; ELISABETHAE RETLER Source: Kirchenbuch, 1798-1950. Katholische Kirche Bergzabern

Might she be our subject?  It would mean her birth year on her tombstone is off by two years, but that's hardly inexplicable.

2.  1840 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #6 of 7; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

1840

Florida Territory

pp. 195B-196A

Ln. 21

Nicklas Sttoup

010 041 - 000 010 100

no slaves

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
0 male	4 or under	1835-1840	= Augustus (b. 1839)
1 male	5-9	1830-1835	=
4 males	20-29	1810-1820	= (hired help?)
1 male	30-39	1800-1810	= Nicholas (b. 1810)
1 female	20-29	1810-1820	= Dorothy (b. 1816)
1 female	40-49	1790-1800	= mother? mother-in-law?

Augustus is in the wrong age class and Sttoup is not Stroup, so is this really our subject?

3.  1850 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #41 of 63):  Sheldon, Wyoming Co., NY, p. 21A, 344/344, enumerated 18 Jul 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Nicholas Stroup	40	M		Farmer	1000	Germany
Dorothy Stroup	32	F				"
Augustus Stroup	10	M				Florida
Francis Stroup	8	M				New York
Margaret Stroup	6	F				"
Mary Stroup	4	F				"
Lucy Stroup	2	F				"
Rev. Mr. Graber	45	M				Germany
Sarah Pooneger	17	F				"

4.  1860 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #19 of 71):  Sheldon Centre P.O., Sheldon, Wyoming Co., NY, Roll M653_884, p. 195A, SH 55, 405/131, enumerated 19 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Nicholas Straub	49	M		Inn Keeper	8350	2950	Bavaria
Doratha    "	44	F					"
Augustus   "	21	M		F L		100	Florida
Frank      "	18	M		" "			NY
Margarette "	17	F		domestic			"
Mary       "	11	F					"
Sophia     "	9	F					"
John       "	7	M					"
Eli        "	3	M					"

The only other STRAUB/STROUP/etc. household in the county was Nicholas's brother, Barney STRAUB. 

5.  1870 Census Index/Images (online at Genealogy.com; Image #35 of 58):  Varysburgh P.O., Town of Sheldon, Wyoming Co., NY, Roll 1119 (Book 1), p. 317A, PN 35, 278/288, enumerated 17 Jun 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Straub Nicholas	56	M	W	Farmer & Grocer	3000	500	Bavaria
"   Dora	51	F	W	Keeping house			"
"   Sophia	19	F	W				New York
"   John	17	M	W				"
"   Eli	13	M	W				"
"   Ella	12	F	W				"
Reb? Christian	28	M	W	Farm Laborer			Danemark

Where did Ella come from?  Was she overlooked in 1860?  Living next door to Nicholas's brother, Barney STRAUB, and five household's from their son, Frank STRAUB. 

6.  1880 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #40 of 48):  Sheldon, Wyoming Co., NY, Roll T9-0948, p. 278B, PN 38, SD __, ED 210, enumerated 19 Jun 1880, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1880 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1880:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).

1

2

3

4

5

6

8

9

10

13

24

25

26

383

395

Straub Nicholas

W

M

69

/

Grocer

Bavaria

Bavaria

Bavaria

______ Dortha

W

F

64

Wife

/

Keeping House

"

"

"

______ Eli

W

M

22

Son

/

Farmer

NY

"

"

______ Alice

W

F

22

Dau

/

At home

"

"

"

Warner Conrad

W

M

32

Servant

/

Laborer

Bavaria

"

"

Listed four households from Nicholas's brother, Barney STRAUB. 

7.  1890 Census:  the 1890 Census Population Schedules were destroyed.

8.  1900 Census Index/Images (online at Genealogy.com, Image #5 of 18):  Town of Sheldon, Wyoming Co., NY, Roll T623_1179, p. 264A, SN 3, SD 18, ED 133, enumerated 6 Jun 1900, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1900 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1900:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	19	20	22	23	24	25	26	27	28
50	50	Straub Elas?	Head	W	M	Mar 1857	43	M	19			NY	Ger	Ger			Farmer Hotel	6	Y	Y	Y	O	M	F	36
		[Eli's wife and children]
		______ Dora	Mother	W	F	Feb 1816	84	Wd		8	3	Ger	Ger	Ger	1835	65			Y	Y	Y

9.  William E. Connelley.  1918.  A Standard History of Kansas and Kansans.  Vol. V.  Lewis Publ. Co., Chicago. Biographical sketch of our subjects' grandson, Charles A. STRAUB.  Excerpt:

p. 2429

Charles A. Straub... was born at Sheldon, Wyoming County, New York, March 29, 1863.  His father, A.B. Straub, was born in 1838 and by the accident of birth is a native of Florida.  The grandfather [Nicholas] , who was born in 1810, in Germany, emigrated to America and landed at one of the ports of Florida, and soon afterwards his oldest child, A.B., was born.  The family soon came North and located in the Town of

p. 2430

Sheldon, New York, where Grandfather Straub built and for many years was proprietor of the Sheldon Hotel.  He died there in 1893...

10.  St. Cecilia's Catholic Church Cemetery, Sheldon, Wyoming Co., NY (courtesy of Scott Barvian):

Nicholas Straub died 1888, not 1893 (which I realize comes from a published article). [This image] shows his gravestone at St. Cecilia's Cem. in Sheldon - dates not readable in the photo unfortunately... Slide351 is Nicholas' son Eli 1857-1938, wife Mary 1858-1907. The four stones behind Nicholas' monument are: 428 - Nicholas' son John, d. 1872 age 19 429 - Marie Margaretha, w/o A. Bernard, d. 1870 age 68 430 - A. Bernard, d. 1888 age 79 431 - Nicholas' son Frank, d. 1873 age 31 Some other children of Nicholas are 194 - Maria Straub Grimm, d. 1871 age 25 502 - Lucy/"Luisi" Straub, d. 1855 age 7.  This is probably the only pre-1860 stone in the entire cemetery to still be upright, much less in good condition and mostly readable.

11.  Cornplanter Township (online at the Venango County PAGenWeb site):

Augustus Bernard STRAUB - oil producer; b. 13 Nov 1839 in Apalachicola, FL, s/o nicholas & Dorothea BABST Straub...

12.  WorldConnect / Ancestry World Trees (online at RootsWeb.com/Ancestry.com).