1.  Anon.  1966.  Marriage Index:  Ohio, 1789-1850.  Liahona Research, Orem, UT (Broderbund CD-400):

Straub, Gotlib

Becht, Mary

10 Jun 1834

Jefferson Co.

2.  1840 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #48-49 of 64 — numerical data pages precede name pages; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1840

OH

Hamilton Co.

Cincinnati (Ward 2)

Roll M704_398

pp. 85A-85B

Ln. 25

Gottleib Straub

100 010 - 000 010

_______

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 male	4 or under	1835-1840	= Lorenz (b. 1834-36
1 male	20-29	1810-1820	= Gottlieb (b. 1812-16)
1 female	20-29	1810-1820	= Mary (b. 1809-11)

3.  1850 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #3 of 117 — indexed "Gathuele Straude"):  Town of Hermann, Gasconade Co., MO, p. 137A, 18/18, enumerated 31 Jul 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Gottlieb Straub	35	M		Miller	1700	Wertemberg
Mary Straub	39	F				Hesse Darmstadt
Laurence Straub	32	M		Miller		Wirtemberg
Laurence Straub	14	M				Virginia
Kune Hunda Straub	10	F				Ohio
Elizabeth Straub	7	F				Hermann Mo

The elder Laurence STRAUB is Gottlieb's brother. 

4.  1860 Census Index/Images (online at Genealogy.com, Image #1-2 of 16):  Hermann P.O., Richland Twp., Gasconade Co., MO, Roll 619 (Book 1), pp. 495-496, PN 67-68, 495/524, enumerated 13 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Gottlieb Straub	48	M		Farmer	5000	1655	Wirtemburg
Mary        "	50	F					Hesse Darmstadt
Lorenz      "	24	M					Virginia
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Elizabeth Straub	17	F					Missouri
Charles	27	M		Farm hand			Hanover
Peter Wagenthaler	24	M		Farm hand			Switzerland

There's no ditto mark after Charles's given name.  If he was truly born in Hanover, it's unlikely he's a STRAUB.

5.  1870 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #8-9 of 28):  Morrison P.O., Richland Twp., Gasconade Co., MO, Roll M593_776 (Book 1), pp. 474B-475A, PN 237-238, 1756/1726, enumerated 2 Sep 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Straub Gottlieb	57	M	W	Farmer	15000	3910	Wurtemberg
"   Mary	60	F	W	Keeping house			Hesse Darmstat
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"   Lorenz	34	M	W	Farm Laborer			Virginia

6.  1880 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com):  can't find, but neither can I find son, Lorenz, or married daughters Elizabeth or Kunigunde, and I did a page-by-page search of Hermann City and Richland Township.