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Lineages and Results of Y-chromosome DNA Testing for Surname CARRICO
and Similar Surnames, such as, CARRIÇO, CARRICOE, CURRICOE, CARICO, CARUCHO, CARACO, CARAÇO, CARRACO, CARACHO, KARAHO, CARASSO, CARAÇOS, CARICCO, etc.
Haplogroup J2
Results
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 J2  (n = 7)  L  (n = 2)
The J2 subclade of Haplogroup J (see entries at Wikipedia and ISOGG) arose in the northern Fertile Cresent, roughly 18,500 ±3500 years ago.  It then spread westwards around the Mediterranean and broadly eastwards throughout central Asia and south into India.  It is most common in Anatolia (about 25% of Turks are J2).
Our seven J2 CARRICOs with fall into two groups:  six who are descended from Peter CARRICO, the 1674 immigrant to Maryland, and one who was born in Brazil and whose grandfather was born in Portugal.  The former have been deep SNP tested, and they are Haplogroup J2a1b* (a.k.a., J2a2*).  They are matching their modal haplotype at the level of 66/67 or better.  The latter has not been deep SNP tested, but his haplotype indicates he is J2a1b1 (a.k.a., J2a2a). 
J2a1b* (n = 6) J2a1b1 (n = 1)
These two subclades of Haplogroup J have not shared a common ancestor for thousands of years, so we currently have two different origins for surname CARRICO.
Haplogroup J members of the CARRICO project are encouraged to also join the Y-DNA-J Haplogroup Project at FamilyTreeDNA to contribute to the body of knowledge accumulating about this haplogroup and, thus, to increase our own knowledge about ourselves.

Once your first results have returned (when you first get access to your member page), you can join additional FTDNA projects using the blue Join button on your member page and you can upload to Ysearch using the link on the "Y-DNA Matches" tab of your member page.
Haplogroup J Subclades as Defined by SNP Mutations
The SNP chart below is based on the ISOGG (International Society of Genetic Genealogy) Y-DNA haplotree for Haplogroup J and the FTDNA (FamilyTreeDNA) deepJ haplotree.  The two trees have slightly different structures, and the only way to put them into the same chart is to sacrifice the structure of one of them.  As the FTDNA tree is less complete and less complex than the ISOGG one, I've shoehorned the FTDNA tree into the ISOGG tree (see below).

Our CARRICOs are J2a2 or J2a2a, respectively, in the FTDNA classification, and you should use one or the other of these designations, whichever is approprieate, when uploading your results to Ysearch (the public database sponsored by FTDNA).  However, the Y-DNA-J Haplogroup Project is grouping its members by the ISOGG classification, so I am following them here.  In the ISOGG classification, we are J2a1b or J2a1b1, respectively.
Mutations New Clades (2008) Old Clades (2005)
ISOGG FTDNA ISOGG FTDNA
M304 12f2a P209 S6 S34 S35 J J J J
_____- M267 J1 J1 J1 J1
_____ M62 J1a J1a J1a J1a
M365 J1b J1b J1b J1b
M390 J1c J1c J1e J1e
P56 J1d J1d    
P58 J1e J1e    
_____asdf M367 M368 J1e1 J1e1 J1c J1c
M369 J1e2 J1e2 J1d J1d
M172 J2 J2 J2 J2
_____ M410 J2a J2a J2a  
_____ DYS413≤18, S57 J2a1   J2a1  
_____ M47 M322 J2a1a J2a1 J2a1a J2a
M67 S51 J2a1b J2a2 J2a1b J2f
_____ M92 M260 J2a1b1 J2a2a J2a1b1 J2f1
_____ M327 J2a1b1a J2a2a1 J2a1b1a  
M163 M166 J2a1b2 J2a2b J2a1b2 J2f2
M68 J2a1c J2a3 J2a1c J2b
M158 J2a1d J2a5 J2a1e J2d
M319 J2a1e J2a8 J2a1h  
M339 J2a1f J2a9 J2a1i J2g
M419 J2a1g J2a11 J2a1j  
DYS445l≤7 J2a1h   J2a1k  
_____ M137 J2a1h1 J2a4 J2a1d J2c
M289 J2a1h2 J2a6 J2a1f  
M318 J2a1h3 J2a7 J2a1g  
P81 J2a1i J2a12    
P279 J2a1j J2a13    
M340 J2a2 J2a10 J2a2  
M12 M102 M221 M314 J2b J2b J2b/J2b1 J2e/J2e1
_____ M205 J2b1 J2b1 J2b1b J2e2
M241 J2b2 J2b2 J2b1a  
_____ M99 J2b2a J2b2a J2b1a1 J2e1a
M280 J2b2b J2b2b J2b1a2 J2e1c
M321 J2b2c J2b2c J2b1a3  
P84 J2b2d J2b2d    
DYS455≤9 J2b2e      
"Genetic Distance" is the number of mutation events separating individuals.  In the case of the results table below, the difference is measured from the individual to the modal haplotype, which is presumably the haplotype of their common ancestor.
To view lineages, please scroll to the right.
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Red labels indicate markers that typically mutate more frequently than those labeled in black. Marker 464 mutates most rapidly of all and sometimes has five to seven counts (a-g), not just four (a-d).
(Empty cells that are darkened indicate tests not ordered.)
Haplogroup J2a1b* (= J2a2 = old J2f)
The mutation defining this subclade (M67) occurred an estimated 11.6 ± 2.6 thousand years ago.  Today, the subclade is distributed thinly throughout southern and eastern Europe, the Middle East, and northern Africa, but is concentrated in Italy and the countries surrounding the eastern Black Sea, namely, Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, and southern Russia.  See Figure 2, Map E in Semino et al. (2004. American Journal of Human Genetics 74(5):1023-1034) for distribution of J2a1b.
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Surname Kit # Ysearch
UserID		 SNP
Tests		 Haplotype — as determined by STR testing Known Lineage
Markers 1-12 Markers 13-25 Markers 26-37 Markers 38-67
3
9
3		 3
9
0		 19
/
3
9
4		 3
9
1		 a
|
3
8
5		 b
|
3
8
5		 4
2
6		 3
8
8		 4
3
9		 i
|
3
8
9		 3
9
2		 ii
|
3
8
9		 4
5
8		 a
|
4
5
9		 b
|
4
5
9		 4
5
5		 4
5
4		 4
4
7		 4
3
7		 4
4
8		 4
4
9		 a
|
4
6
4		 b
|
4
6
4		 c
|
4
6
4		 d
|
4
6
4		 4
6
0		 H4
|
G
A
T
A		 IIa
|
Y
C
A		 IIb
|
Y
C
A		 4
5
6		 6
0
7		 5
7
6		 5
7
0		 a
|
C
D
Y		 b
|
C
D
Y		 4
4
2		 4
3
8		 5
3
1		 5
7
8		 a
|
S1
3
9
5		 b
|
S1
3
9
5		 5
9
0		 5
3
7		 6
4
1		 4
7
2		 S1
4
0
6		 5
1
1		 4
2
5		 a
|
4
1
3		 b
|
4
1
3		 5
5
7		 5
9
4		 4
3
6		 4
9
0		 5
3
4		 4
5
0		 4
4
4		 4
8
1		 5
2
0		 4
4
6		 6
1
7		 5
6
8		 4
8
7		 5
7
2		 6
4
0		 4
9
2		 5
6
5
  J2 Modals 9EQTH   12 23 14 10 13 17 11 16 12 13 11 29 16 8 9 11 11 26 15 21 29 12 13 15 16 10 10 19 22 15 14 16 17 35 38 11 9 11 7 14 15 8 11 10 8 11 9 12 17 17 14 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 21 13 12 11 13 11 12 12 11 Modals compiled by Al Aburto, Jr., as of 1 Jun 2008 (n=304).
J2a1b Modals -   12 23 14 10 13 17 11 16 11 13 11 30 18 9 9 11 11 26 15 20 29 12 14 15 16 10 10 19 22 15 13 19 17 35 38 12 9 10 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 9 12 17 17 14 11 12 12 15 8 11 21 21 13 12 11 13 10 12 12 11 Modals compiled by DGM from Y-DNA Hap J Project as of 1 Jun 2008 (for 12, n=47; for 25, n=39; for 37, n=37; for 67, n=20).
                 
0 CARRICO 107978 CUYPH   12 21 15  9 12 17 11 15 10 13 12 30 14 9 9 11 11 25 14 21 30 11 12 15 16 11 10 19 22 18 14 19 16 35 37 11 9 12 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 9 10 17 17 14 10 12 12 16 8 12 22 21 12 13 11 13 11 12 12 11 Pvt7, Pvt6, Thomas Francis5, Joseph Haesley4, William Constantine3, Ignatius Francis2, Cornelius, the younger1
1 CARRICO 94556 -   12 21 15  9 12 17 11 15 10 13 12 30 14 9 9 11 11 25 14 21 30 11 12 15 16 11 10 19 22 18 14 20 16 35 37 11 9 12 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 9 10 17 17 14 10 12 12 16 8 12 22 21 12 13 11 13 11 12 12 11 Pvt7, Pvt6, Otha Nicholas5, Alphonsus K.4, Francis Marion3, Henry C.2, John Alexander1
CARRICO 62917 5NKTP Deep 12 21 15  9 12 17 11 14 10 13 12 30 14 9 9 11 11 25 14 21 30 11 12 15 16 11 10 19 22 18 14 19 16 35 37 11 9 12 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 9 10 17 17 14 10 12 12 16 8 12 22 21 12 13 11 13 11 12 12 11 Pvt9, Pvt8, Floyd Huston7, Thomas Elisha6, James5, Dennis Sylvester4, James3, Peter II2, Peter I1
CARRICO N9852 - Basic 12 21 15  9 12 17 11 15 10 13 12 30 14 9 9 11 11 25 14 21 30 11 12 15 16 11 10 19 22 18 14 19 16 35 36 11 9 12 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 9 10 17 17 14 10 12 12 16 8 12 22 21 12 13 11 13 11 12 12 11 Pvt9, Jesse8, Charles Thomas7, George Henson6, George G.5, James T.4, [James II or John I]3, Peter II2, Peter I1
CARICO 86809 US98T Deep 12 21 15  9 12 17 11 15 10 13 12 30 14 9 9 11 11 25 14 21 30 11 12 15 16 11 10 19 22 18 14 19 16 35 38 11 9 12 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 9 10 17 17 14 10 12 12 16 8 12 22 21 12 13 11 13 11 12 12 11 Pvt9, Pvt8, Onia Lee7, Samuel Lafayette6, Alexander5, Joseph4, Abel II3, Abel I2, Peter I1
? CARRICO 121108 -   12 21 15 9 12 17 11 15 10 13 12 30                                                                                                               Pvt [awaiting lineage], Edward2, Cornelius, the elder1
Our subjects' haplotypes are unique, with no full or even near matches at any level in the FTDNA or Ysearch databases, except with each other.  #107978 bears the modal haplotype for the group, which is presumed to be the haplotype of their common ancestor.  None of the others tested to 67 markers has less than a 66/67 match with the modal haplotype or less than a 65/67 match with each other.  These matches are close, demonstrating without doubt that they descend from a near common ancestor.  Their haplotypes are not only unique, their closest matches at Ysearch have genetic distances in the realm of 5 at 12 markers, 17 at 25 markers, and 21 at 37 markers.  These genetic distances are large, and they mean no one remotely related to them "in genealogical time" has yet been tested.  There are no comparable test subjects, at all, in the SMGF (Sorensen Molecular Genealogy Foundation) database.  They are even a poor match (5/12, 11/25, 17/37, 38/67) for the modal values of their own haplogroup subclade.  Their lack of matches stems in part from unusual values at four markers (green table cells):  DYS390 (most commonly 23, less commonly 22, rarely 21),  DYS391 (generally 10, rarely 9 or 11), DYS392 (usually 11 in Haplogroup J), and especially, DYS425 (usually 12 — 10 is unique).
Once there are enough participants in the study, we will be able to build an STR "cladogram" of the descendants of Peter CARRICO I.  I have begun such a cladogram, in the form of a "node chart."  Please consider this version of the node chart to be highly prelimary, constructed mainly as a demonstration of how our data can eventually be used.
#62917 and #86809 have completed deep SNP testing, with these results:
M304+ M172+ M67+ M267- M62- M365- M390- M367- M368- M369- M47- M92- M163- M166- M68- M158- M339- M137- M12- M102- M205- M99- M280-
The three positive SNP test results prove they are subclade J2a2 (in the FTDNA classification) or J2a1b (in the ISOGG classification, which I will follow).  The first set of negative results redundantly proves they are not J1 or any of its subclades, known at the time they were tested.  The second set of negative results redundantly proves they are none of the other J2a subclades tested by FTDNA, and known at the time they were tested.  In addition, our members have a value of 17 at DYS413, which is consistent with the ISOGG classification designating a value of 18 or less for this marker in J2a.  The third set of negative results redundantly proves they are not J2b or any of its subclades, known at the time they were tested.  A backbone (basic) SNP test result of M172+ confirms that #N9852 is J2.

It's a virtual certainty that all CARRICOs with haplotypes matching at the above levels will be the same haplogroup (i.e., have the same SNP mutations).  It is beneficial that two members have undergone these deep tests, just as a double check that no mistake has been made.  But now that two members have completed this testing, your project admin recommends other members invest in STR testing of additional cousins, rather than their own deep SNP testing — unless, of course, money is no object or you're just curious, then test away.  There's no such thing as too much proof!
#86809 has undergone a Kittler test proving the order of the two alleles at 385ab is "lo-hi," that is, 12-17.  (Standard testing does not reveal the order of the two values.  By convention, they are reported "lo-hi," but without a Kittler test, the actual order is unknown.)  Now that one member has taken the Kittler test, there's no real need for anyone else to take it as you should all have the same result.
   
 
Haplogroup J2a1b — Advanced Tests
DNA-FP Panel 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 5 4 9 4 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 3 9 2 4 4 4 5 5 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4
Kit
#		 Ysearch
UserID		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 D
Y
S		 G
A
T
A		 G
A
A
T		 D
Y
F		 D
Y
F		 D
Y
F		 D
Y
F		 D
Y
F		 D
Y
F		 D
Y
F		 D
X
Y
S
4
1
3		 4
3
4		 4
3
5		 4
4
1		 4
4
5		 4
5
2		 4
6
1		 4
6
2		 4
6
3		 4
6
4		 4
8
5		 4
9
4		 4
9
5		 5
0
5		 5
2
2		 5
3
3		 5
4
9		 5
5
6		 5
7
5		 5
8
9		 6
3
5		 6
3
6		 6
4
3		 7
1
4		 7
1
6		 7
1
7		 7
2
4		 7
2
5		 7
2
6		 A
1
0		 1
B
07		 3
7
1		 3
8
5		 3
9
7		 3
9
9		 4
0
1		 4
0
8		 4
1
1		 1
5
6
Modals - all haplogroups 23 23 9 11 13 12 30 12 11 24         15   16               23   10 25 26 19 36 37 31 31 31 32 12 13 10 10c 12t 13c 14c 10 11 11 14 14 15       15 17 188 188 8 15 11 11 _,12
J2 Modals 9EQTH         14 12 31 13 11 22                             21                         13 11                                            
#6122.70 - Haplogroup J2f 17 17     14 12 31 12 11 22         16   14               24   10           28 28 31 31   12   9c 12t 10c 14c                   19 21              
86809 US98T 17 17 9 11 14 11 31 14 11 22 11g 12g 15g 16g 16 10 14 11 11 10 13 11 10 11 22 10 10 26 27 20 35 38 28 28 32 32 12 12 11 9c 10t 10c 14c 10 10 13 14 15 15 21c 22t 24.1t 16 29 188 188 9 10 11 12 7,12
62917 5NKTP                                                                               9c 10t 10c 14c                                    
With the acquisition of the German company, DNA-Fingerprint, FTDNA gained access to their stable of DNA tests.  These can be ordered in panels or "a la carte" among the "Advanced" tests on your FTDNA member page.  So far, one member has ordered many of these tests (i.e., the ones not duplicated in the FTDNA 67-marker set), while another member has added the DYF371 palindromic set.

DYS425 is part of the DYF371 palindromic set.  The nearly universal value for this marker is 12, so its rare value of 10 raised the question as to whether there are any other anomalies in this set.  DYS425 shows up here as the t-allele in the DYF371 set; our CARRICOs appear to be the only individuals ever tested to have this value at this marker.  A value of 9 for any of the alleles is uncommon, being known in just a few individuals, all of whom are Haplogroup J.  Our closest match in the Ymatch database is #6122.70, who is the only J2f (=J2a1b) in the database; he has the "normal" value of 12 for the t-allele.

To compare results of advanced markers, see the DNA-Fingerprint Ymatch database.  You can pull up all results in the database by entering % in any field (except "country").  You can pull up results for all subclades of Haplogroup J by entering just "j" in the "yhgroup" field.  I have compiled modal values of all haplogroups currently in the database, plus I've extracted the single J2f (=J2a1b) haplotype, and included those values in the table above.

Don't be confused by the ordering of the numbers in the database or in your test results.  The computer automatically puts them in alpha-numeric order; hence, the DYF371 results were returned by the server as 9c-10c-10t-14c.  But the single t-allele is customarilly placed second in comparing results, so their order is changed in the table above.  Not everyone in the Ymatch database corrected the order of their results as they entered them, so you see the t-allele in various positions there.
Haplogroup J2a1b1 (= J2a2a = old J2f1)
The mutation defining this subclade (M92) occurred an estimated 8.8 ± 2.3 thousand years ago.  Today, subclade J2a1b1 can found in southern and eastern Europe, the Middle East, central and southern Asia, northeastern Africa, and India.  It is most concentrated in southern Italy, southern Greece, Turkey, Egypt, and India.  See Figure 2, Map F in Semino et al. (2004. American Journal of Human Genetics 74(5):1023-1034) for distribution of J2a1b*.
Surname Kit # Ysearch
User ID
SNP
Tests		 Haplotype— as determined by STR testing Known Lineage
Markers 1-12 Markers 13-25 Markers 26-37 Markers 38-67
3
9
3		 3
9
0		 19
/
3
9
4		 3
9
1		 a
|
3
8
5		 b
|
3
8
5		 4
2
6		 3
8
8		 4
3
9		 i
|
3
8
9		 3
9
2		 ii
|
3
8
9		 4
5
8		 a
|
4
5
9		 b
|
4
5
9		 4
5
5		 4
5
4		 4
4
7		 4
3
7		 4
4
8		 4
4
9		 a
|
4
6
4		 b
|
4
6
4		 c
|
4
6
4		 d
|
4
6
4		 4
6
0		 H4
|
G
A
T
A		 IIa
|
Y
C
A		 IIb
|
Y
C
A		 4
5
6		 6
0
7		 5
7
6		 5
7
0		 a
|
C
D
Y		 b
|
C
D
Y		 4
4
2		 4
3
8		 5
3
1		 5
7
8		 a
|
S1
3
9
5		 b
|
S1
3
9
5		 5
9
0		 5
3
7		 6
4
1		 4
7
2		 S1
4
0
6		 5
1
1		 4
2
5		 a
|
4
1
3		 b
|
4
1
3		 5
5
7		 5
9
4		 4
3
6		 4
9
0		 5
3
4		 4
5
0		 4
4
4		 4
8
1		 5
2
0		 4
4
6		 6
1
7		 5
6
8		 4
8
7		 5
7
2		 6
4
0		 4
9
2		 5
6
5
J2 Modals 9EQTH   12 23 14 10 13 17 11 15 12 13 11 29 16 8 9 11 11 26 15 21 29 12 13 15 16 10 10 19 22 15 14 16 17 35 38 11 9 11 7 14 15 8 11 10 8 11 9 12 17 17 14 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 21 13 12 11 13 11 12 12 11 Modals for markers 1-67 compiled by Al Aburto, Jr., as of 1 Jun 2008.
J2a1b1 (J2f1) Modals NFNYH   12 22 14 10 14 15 11 15 12 14 11 31 15 9 9 11 11 26 15 20 29 13 13 15 16 10 10 19 22 15 12 15 17 34 36 12 9 10 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 9 0 17 17 15 10 12 12 15 8 11 22 21 13 12 11 13 11 12 12 11 Modals for markers 1-37 compiled by Al Aburto, Jr.; as of 1 Jun 2008.*
                 
CARRICO 88790 - Basic 12 22 15 10 13 15 11 15 11 14 11 32 15 9 9 11 11 26 14 21 31 12 13 16 17  9 10 19 22 15 13 15 18 35 37 11 9 11 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 12 9 0 17 18 14 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 21 15 12 11 13 11 12 12 11 Pvt3, Pvt2, Joaquim Anastor1 — emigrant from Portugal to Brazil
While he is only a 44/67 match with the modal haplotype for J2a1b1, he carries the characteristic null425 marker of this group (bright yellow table cell).  The DYF371X test (see small table to the right) elucidates this region of the chromosome (the region surrounding and including DYS425), revealing the "c" nucleotide base causing the null reading at DYS425.  Like the other CARRICOs (above), his haplotype is unique, with no matches at any level in the FTDNA database; however, he has none of the very odd markers that make them so unusual.
As part of its haplogroup assurance policy, FTDNA has given this individual a gratis "backbone" SNP test, with the result M172+ proving he is Haplogroup J2.
  # DYF371X
Modals for All Haplogroups   10c 12t 13c 14c
Haplogroup J2f 6122.70 9c 12t 10c 14c
CARRICO 88790 9c 12c 10c 14c
#6122.70 is the only J2f (=J2a1b) in the DNA-FP database (as of May 2007).
*Modals for markers 38-67 compiled by DGM from the Y-DNA Hap J Project as of 1 Jun 2008 (n=16).
What constitutes a match?
Matches in other surnames are usually mere coincidence, so please ignore them — I'll let you know when you shouldn't!
For 12 markers:  8 or less is a non-relative; 9-10 means only a small chance of a relationship; 11-12 means a possible relationship.
For 25 markers:  20 or less is a non-relative; 21-22 means only a small chance of a relationship; 23-25 means a possible relationship.
For 37 markers:  30 or less is a non-relative; 31-37, please see this Chart compiled by FTDNA.
For 67 markers:  55 or less is a non-relative; 58-67, please see this Chart compiled by FTDNA.
For any test:  0 matching markers, please contact NASA.