1.  Index of Indiana Marriages through 1850.  Indiana State Library, Genealogy Division, Indianapolis, IN [link died]:

Last Name	First Name	Last Name, Spouse	First Name, Spouse	County	Date
Stroup	Peter	Tucker	Mary Jane	Jay	12-17-1845

What is Peter doing getting married up in Jay County?  Is this really our subject?  And is he really the son of Joseph & Mary (TUCKER) STROUP?

2.  1850 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #22 of 31):  Hendricks Twp., Shelby Co., IN, p. 227B, 147/150, enumerated __ Aug 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Peter Stroup	24	M		Farming		Ohio
Mary J	22	F				"
Sarah A	3	F				Ina
James	3/12	M				"

3.  1860 Census Index/Images (online at Genealogy.com, Image #16 of 39):  Blue Bell P.O., Hendricks Twp., Shelby Co., IN, Roll 296 (Book 1), p. 930, PN 84, 658/595, enumerated 10 Jul 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Peter Stroup	33	M		Farmer		200	Ohio
Mary J   "	28	F		House Keeper			do
Sarah A  "	13	F					Ind
James    "	10	M					do
Polly    "	2	F					do

4.  1870 Census Index/Images (online at Genealogy.com, Image #15 of 44):  Brookfield P.O., Hendricks Twp., Shelby Co., IN, Roll 310 (Book 1), p. 179A, PN 15, 105/106, enumerated 24 Jun 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Strop Peter	49	M	W	dairey? laborer			Ohio
_____ Mary	41	F	W	keeping house			Ohio
_____ James	21	M	W	farm laborer			Indiana
_____ Polly	11	F	W	at home			Indiana
_____ Ella S	8	F	W				Indiana
_____ Alonzo	5	M	W				Indiana
_____ John	1	M	W				Indiana

5.  LDS.  Family Search: Census Records: 1880 United States (online at FamilySearch.org):¤•

Census Place: Hendricks, Shelby, Indiana
Source: FHL Film #1254310; NARA Film #T9-0310; Pg 224A
	Relation	Sex	Marr	Race	Age	Birthplace	Occupation	Fa	Mo
Peter STROUP	Self	M	M	W	57	OH	Farmer	PA	OH
Mary Jane STROUP	Wife	F	M	W	49	OH	Keeps House	NJ	OH
Lottie STROUP	Dau	F	S	W	17	IN	Housework	OH	OH
Alonzo E. STROUP	Son	M	S	W	14	IN	Works On Farm	OH	OH
John T. STROUP	Son	M	S	W	10	IN		OH	OH

6.  1890 Census:  the 1890 Census Population Schedules were destroyed.

7a.  Obit.  The Shelby Democrat, Thursday, 15 Apr 1897, p. 3 (online at the Shelby County INGenWeb site; contributed by Barb Huff):

Peter Stroup died at the residence of his son, James Stroup, in West Hendricks township, at four p.m. Thursday, April 8, 1897, of dropsy, aged seventy-one years.  The remains were buried Saturday April 10.  Services at the Second Mount Pleasant church at 10:30 a.m.  Interment in the Mount Pleasant cemetery, D. B. Wilson & Son funeral directors.

Given that Peter is living with his son, rather than his wife, it's reasonably safe to assume that Mary predeceased him.

7b.  Obit.  The Shelbyville Republican, Saturday, 25 Jan 1919, p. 1 (online at the Shelby County INGenWeb site; contributed by Barb Huff):

ALONZO  STROUP Died Early Saturday Morning After Long Illness Alonzo Stroup, 54 years old, formerly a resident of Hendricks township, died Saturday morning at 4:40 o'clock at the home of James Webb in East Broadway.  His death was caused by a complication of diseases. Mr. Stroup was a son of Peter and Mary Strope.  He leaves one sister, Mrs. Sarah Vawters, of Rochester, Indiana.  John Stroup, of Hendricks township, is a nephew.  Funeral arrangements will be announced later by Stewart & Fix.

7c.  Funeral Notice.  The Shelbyville Republican, Monday, 27 Jan 1919, p. 3 (online at the Shelby County INGenWeb site; contributed by Barb Huff):

FUNERAL  OF  ALONZO  STROUP The funeral of Alonzo Stroup will be held Tuesday morning at 10:00 o'clock at Second Mt. Pleasant Baptist church.  The service will be conducted by the Rev. Chandler.  Friends may view the remains this evening from 7 to 9 at the home of  James Webb in East Broadway.   [Buried second Mt. Pleasant Cemetery.]