1.  Marriage Index:  Kentucky, 1851-1900.  Liahona Research, Orem, UT (Broderbund CD-233):  not found, but there are no Kenton Co. records on the CD.

2.  1860 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #69 of 628):  Florence P.O., District No. 1, Kenton Co., KY, p. 353, PN 69, 514/572, enumerated 14 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Isaac Straub	64	M		Mill Wright	25,000	10,000	Pennsylvania
Anna      "	52	F					"
Walter    "	25	M		Lawyer			"
Frances   "	23	F					"
Elizabeth "	21	F					Ohio
Emma      "	15	F					"
George    "	10	M					"
[hired help]

3.  1870 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #122 of 228):  Cincinnati P.O., Cincinnati (Ward 14), Hamilton Co., OH, p. 326B, PN 118, 656/760, enumerated 21 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Currier Chas	30	M	W	Musician		500	Prussia
[Charles's wife and child]
Straub Walter	32	M	W	Judge Police Court -  Hamilton County, Ohio		1000	Ohio
______ Jacob	26	M	W	Clk in Store			"

I would have pegged Jacob for Walter's brother, but no Jacob appears in Walter's parents' household in 1850 or 1860.

4.  1880 United States Census and National Index (LDS Family History Resource File: CD-ROM Library):

Census Place: District 127, Scotts, Kenton, Kentucky
Source: FHL Film 1254426; NARA Film T9-0426; Pg 609D
	Relation	Sex	Marr	Race	Age	Birthplace	Occupation	Fa	Mo
Ann STRAUB	Self	F	W	W	71	PA	Keeping House	IRE	IRE
Walter F. STRAUB	Son	M	W	W	43	PA	At Home	PA	PA
George M. STRAUB	Son	M	S	W	31	OH	Farmer	PA	PA
Others (for full record, see Walter's parents' page)

There is no mention of a wife in Walter's biographical sketch (see below), but he is listed here as a widower.  If there were children, they might have been given over to his late wife's parents.  But surely, if there were any children, they would have been mentioned in his bio. 

5.  Charles Robson, ed.  1876.  The Biographical Encyclopaedia of Ohio of the Nineteenth Century.  Galaxy Publ. Co., Cincinnati, OH, p. 40 (online at the Making of America web site; boldface added):

STRAUB, WALTER FERRY, Lawyer and Judge, was born on the 13th of February, 1834, at Milton, Northumberland county, Pennsylvania.  This town was founded by his grandfather, Andrew Straub, in 1791.  Here also were born his father, Isaac Straub, and his mother, Anne Straub.  They survive still in the enjoyment of a green old age, living a few miles from Cincinnati, in Kentucky. In April, 1838, the family went to Cincinnati to live, where the subject of this sketch has ever since resided.  At an early age Walter entered one of the district schools of the public school system of Cincinnati.  When the "Central School" (the nucleus of the present High School of Cincinnati) was established he was one of the boys selected, after a rigid examination, to enter upon the advanced course there.  He remained a pupil there until 1848, when, at the age of fourteen, he found it necessary to commence work for a living.  From that time until 1853 he was, by turns, errand boy, clerk and bookkeeper.  During 1853 he was engineer at his father's factory.  He had early developed a taste for writing and considerable ability to the expression of his ideas, and by this time had become a contributor to the newspaper press of his city.  During all this time he was a devoted student at nights, which, he has told the writer of this sketch, "yielded good fruit." In 1854 he took the first important step of his life, entering the office of Hon. Henry Stanbery as a law student. He was admitted to the bar in 1857, and remained at it until the war of the rebellion broke out, when he entered the Union army as Aide-de-Camp to General McCook.  He was compelled to leave the service, however, in about a year by reason of ill health, which was brought about by an attack of typhoid fever, contracted on the march to Shiloh, in which action he participated.  He returned to Cincinnati, where several months of home nursing restored him to comparative health, although he has never since been physically rugged. In the spring of 1863 he was elected City Prosecutor by the Republicans.  At that time the writer's acquaintance with him commenced.  He discharged the onerous and important duties of this position with such ability and fidelity that he was re-elected for two years in 1865.  In 1867, on the expiration of his second term as Prosecutor, he was rewarded for his fidelity and manly course in that place by election by the Republican party to the office of Judge of the Police Court, which he held for three terms -- of two years each -- retiring in 1873.  Judge Straub distinguished himself on the bench of the Police Court -- in the midst of the daily annoyances of an average of fifty cases a day the year throughout for six years -- by almost unerring judgment and never-failing truthfulness to his trust.  He was severe where severity was demanded; but he could and did temper justice with mercy when there was a fair chance that the result would be better for society.  His mistakes were very few, if any, in disposing of cases.  His record as Judge of the Police Court is a bright paragraph in the history of the Queen City of the West, no other person having remained in that office so many years and given such universal satisfaction.  Since his retirement from the bench Judge Straub has pursued the practice of his profession.