— born in Chapman Twp., Union [now Snyder] Co., PA:
  3.  Benjamin STRAUB, b. 1840/1
  4.  Frederick Whistler STRAUP / STROUP, b. Apr 1842/3/4 
  5.  Sarah STRAUB, b. 1844/5
  6.  Henry STRAUB, b. 1846/7
  7.  Anna / Emma STRAUB, b. Aug 1849
  8.  Mary M. STRAUB, b. 1851/2
  9.  Lewis STRAUB, b. 1853/4

— born in MI:
10.  Lydia S. STRAUB, b. ca. 25 Jun 1857; d. 28 Apr 1862; bur. Salem-Smith Cem., St. Joseph Co., IN

After the death of Amanda, Delmore was adopted by George W. HAWKINS & Maria MATTHEWSON.

1.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service:  IGI - International Genealogical Index (online at FamilySearch.org).

Peter STRAUP Husband Age at Marriage: 46 Marriage: 03 Dec 1863, Mecosta, Michigan Spouse: Amanda FORD Wife Age at Marriage: 28 Source: Marriage Records 1859-1913. Mecosta County (Michigan). County Clerk

2.  1840 Census Index and Digital Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #11-12 of 16; extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1840

PA

Union [now Snyder] Co.

Chapman Twp.

pp. 369A-369B

Ln. 26

Straub, Peter

010 001 - 100 101 010

0400000

These data indicate:

No. & Sex	Age Class	Therefore Born	Individuals Inferred
1 male	5-9	1830-1835	= Washington (b. 1832/3)
1 male	30-39	1800-1810	= Peter (b. 1813/4)
1 female	4 or under	1835-1840	= Elizabeth (b. 1838/9)
1 female	15-19	1820-1825	= ?
1 female	30-39	1800-1810	= Martha (b. 1812/3)
1 female	50-59	1780-1790	= ?Margaret NEIMAN (b. 1767/8)?
4	persons engaged in agriculture

The enumerator seems to have all the adults tallied in the wrong age classes, yet surely these must be subjects.  List was roughly alphabetized, so no neighborhood reconstruction is possible.

3.  1850 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #1-2 of 36 — indexed as "Peter D. Starb"):  Chapman Twp., Union [now Snyder] Co., PA, pp. 145A-145B, 9/9, enumerated 4 Dec 1850, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1850 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Peter K Staub	36	M		Farmer		Penna
Martha Staub	37	F				"
[next page]
Washington Staub	17	M				Penna
Elithabeth Staub	11	F				"
Benjamin Staub	9	M				"
Fredrick Staub	7	M				"
Sarah Staub	5	F				"
Henry Staub	3	M				"
Anna Staub	10/12	F				"
Margaret Neiman	82	F				"

4.  1860 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #13 of 15):  Elkhart P.O., Cleveland Twp., Elkhart Co., IN, Roll 256 (Book 1), p. 33, PN 32, 216/220, enumerated 7 Jun 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Phebe K Straup	46	M		Tanner	1300	400	Penn
Martha     "	46	F		HouseKeeper			"
Elizabeth  "	21	F		Housework			"
Benj       "	19	M					"
Frederick  "	17	M					"
Sarah      "	15	F					"
Henry      "	13	M					"
Emma       "	10	F					"
Mary M     "	8	F					"
Lewis      "	6	M					"
Lydia S    "	3	F					Mich
James P Bellows	3	M					Penn

Phebe?!  Daughter, Emma, is clearly Emma.

5a.  1870 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #1 of 13):  Town of Chase, Lake Co., MI, Roll M593_683, p. 727, PN 1, 2/2, enumerated 12 Aug 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Straup Peter K	53	M	W	Farmer	1600	400	Pensylvania
______ Amanda	35	F	W	Keeping house			Canada West
______ Willmetta	3	F	W				Michigan
______ Delmore	1	M	W				Michigan
Aldrich Denis	12	M	W	Farm labor			Michigan

Listed next to son, Frederick Whistler STRAUP.

5b.  1870 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #5 of 16):  Big Rapids P.O., Town of Green, Mecosta Co., MI, Roll M593_690, p. 59A, PN 5, 45/46, enumerated 14 Jun 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):

Ekas Felix	51	M	W	Farmer	2000	625	Pennsylvania
____ Lydia	51	F	W	Keeping House			Pennsylvania
Straup Lewis	15	M	W	Attending School			Pennsylvania
Butterfield Mary	28	F	W	School Teacher			New Hampshire

Lydia (STROUP) EKAS is probably our subject's sister, which means Lewis is living with his aunt. 

6.  1880 Census (indexed at FamilySearch.org; page image online at Ancestry.com, Image #67 of 76):  Ambrosia Street, Muskegon (Ward 1), Muskegon Co., MI, Roll 597 (Book 2), p. 206C, PN 67, SD 2, ED 192, enumerated 21 Jun 1880, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1880 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1880:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
1	2	3	4	5	6	8	10	13	24	25	26
629	689	Straub Peter K	W	M	63		/	Teaming	PA	PA	PA
		______ Hannah R	W	F	52	Wife	/	Keeping House	NY	NY	NY

7.  Anon.  c1992-c1999.  St. Joseph County, Indiana, Cemetery Inscriptions.  5 vols.  South Bend Area Genealogy Society, Mishawaka, IN (extract courtesy of Sue Davis):

In Salem-Smith Cemetery, South Section, Row 12: Lydia S., dau. of P.K. & M. Straub died Apr 28, 1862 aged 4 yrs 10 mos 3 dys Martha, wife of Peter K. Straub died Sept 20, 1860 aged 46 yrs 11 mos (next to Rachel, wife of Jacob Fisher on one side and Wm. J. & Clara Walter on the other side)

8.  Birthdate calculated using Ben Buckner's Birthdate Calculator.

Name	Deathdate	Age at Death	Result
Martha	20 Sep 1860	0d 11m 46y	20 Oct 1813
Lydia	28 Apr 1862	3d 10m 04y	25 Jun 1857
(Calculated birthdates should always be prefaced with "ca." — you can't be certain the person who calculated their age did it correctly.)

9.  Email from the Waisners:

Peter K. Straup is my gr.gr.grandfather. I have the family page from his bible. He married 1st Martha Wislen, 2nd Amanda Ford, 3rd Hannah Pease.  Amanda and Peter’s son Delmore is my gr.grandfather.  After Amanda died Delmore was adopted by George W. and Maria (Matthewson) Hawkins.