1a.  Howerter's Church Baptisms (an edited extraction from Yoder's 1984 translation; online in the Northumerland County PAGenWeb arcive):

Elias Straub and wf Catharine nee Schlabig Isaias Straub 12 Mar 1851/8 May 1851-R Benjamin Straub and wf Sarah

This should be our subject, but where is Isaias in 1860?  And who is Benjamin?  The only Benjamin & Sarah STRAUB I know around about this time is not related to our subject.  Or is he?

1b.  LDS.  Family Search: Internet Genealogy Service: Pedigree Resource File (index to CDs, online at FamilySearch.org).

Elias STRAUB Spouse: Marian WALBORN Birth: 18 Jul 1846 Father: Christian WALBORN; Mother: Judith HARTMAN Source: patron submission

IGI
Daughter: Elisabeth SCHLABIT; Birth: 16 Sep 1814, Eldred Twp, Schuylkill, Pennsylvania
Daughter: Catharina SCHLABIG; Birth: 17 May 1824
Father: Adam SCHLABIG; Mother: Elizabeth KLOCK

AF
Catharine SCHLABIG
Birth: 17 May 1824
Christening: 20 Jun 1824, St. Jacob's Luth, near Pitman, Northumberland C, PA
Father: Adam SCHLABIG; Mother Catharina Elisabeth KLOCK
 

2.  1860 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #14 of 24):  Upper Mahantongo P.O., Eldred Twp., Schuylkill Co., PA, Roll M653_1180, p. 444, PN 163, 1124/1175, enumerated 12 Jun 1860, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1860 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Elias Straub	32	M		Shoe Maker	500	132	Pa
Catherine "	31	F					"
Edward    "	5	M					"
Catherine "	2	F					"

3.  1870 Census Images (online at Ancestry.com; Image #69 of 110):  Shamokin P.O., Shamokin Borough, Northumberland Co., PA, p. 126A, PN 69, 470/491, enumerated 20 Jul 1870, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1870 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

Stroube Elias	40	M	W	works in Mines	1500	100	Penna
_______ Mary	23	F	W	Keeping House			"
_______ Edward	14	M	W	Works at Mines			"
_______ Sallie	1	F	W				"
_______ Ida	*/12	F	W				"	Decr

*The enumerator wrote 8/12, then put a 7 over the 8, neither of which is correct (should be 5/12 for a birth in Dec).  Checking other records, this enumerator got most of them wrong, in addition to not being consistent (e.g., on this very page, there are two births in "Jany," one of which he gives the age as 5/12 and the other 6/12, neither of which is correct — should be 4/12).  What is probably correct here is the month.

4.  1880 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #39 of 49):  Shamokin Borough (Ward 4), Northumberland Co., PA, Roll T9_1164, p. 171C, PN 39, SD 3, ED 148, enumerated 15 Jun 1880, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1880 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1880:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).

1

2

3

4

5

6

8

9

10

11

13

14

21

23

24

25

26

287

327

Straub Elias

W

M

52

/

Coal Miner

6

PA

PA

PA

______ Mary

W

F

33

Wife

/

Keeping House

/

PA

PA

PA

______ Ida M

W

F

10

Dau

/

At School

/

PA

PA

PA

______ Barbara

W

F

76

Mother

/

At Home

/

PA

PA

PA

Listed next to Joseph STRAUB.

5.  1890 Census:  the 1890 Census Population Schedules were destroyed.

6.  1900 Census Every-Name-Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com, Image #23 of 53 — indexed "Eliza Straub"):  245 S. Sixth St., Shamokin Borough (Ward 4), Northumberland Co., PA, Roll T623_1449, p. 292A, SN 13, SD 10, ED 150, enumerated 8 Jun 1900, official enumeration date 1 Jun 1900 (extracted by Diana Gale Matthiesen):¤•

1900:  for an explanation of the column headings, please see What the Numbers in the Federal Census Mean (missing columns contained no data).
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	19	20	22	23	24	25	26	27
*	245	236	260	Straub Elias	Head	W	M	Jan 1829	71	M	26			PA	PA	PA	Butcher	5	Y	Y	Y	O	F	H
				______ Mary A	Wife	W	F	Jul 1847	52	M	26	1	1	PA	PA	PA			Y	Y	Y
*S. Sixth St.

7.  1910 Census Index/Images (online at Ancestry.com):  Elias is deceased; can't find Mary.

8.  William R. Polan, Jr. & Dave Donmoyer, compilers.  2002.  Shamokin Cemetery Company Burial Records, Northumberland County, PA (online in the FTP archives of Northumberland County PAGenWeb; contributed by William R. Polan, Jr.):

1891... Mrs. Straub (w/o Elias), April 6, Consumption, 43-0-0, April 9, Single Grave...

1908... Elias Straub, August 28, Apoplexy, 80-7-27, August 31, B14/R2/L17...

1913... Mary A. Straub (Mary Walburn), December 1, Carcinoma of Uterus, 67-4-13.

1932... Ida Minnie Shade (Ida Straub), May 10, Gangrene of Abdomen/Diabetes, 62-4-4, May 13, B6/R2/L15...

Who is the woman who died in 1891?!  As far as I know, our subject is the only Elias STRAUB in Northumberland County.  The only scenario that fits the data is that Elias married two women named Mary, both about the same age.  Or did our compilers err?  I initially thought this woman might be Catherine, Elias's first wife.  In other words, that Elias and Catherine had divorced, rather than her having died, but the woman buried in 1891 is too young (b. 1847/8) to be Catherine (b. 1828/9).

9.  Birthdate calculated using Ben Buckner's Birthdate Calculator.

Name	Deathdate	Age at Death	Result
Elias Straub	28 Aug 1908	27d 7m 80y	01 Jan 1828
Mary A. Straub	01 Dec 1913	13d 4m 67y	18 Jul 1846
Ida (Straub) Shade	10 May 1932	04d 4m 62y	06 Jan 1870
(Calculated birthdates should always be prefaced with "ca." — you can't be certain the person who calculated their age did it correctly.)

Elias's age at death appears to be off because, in the 1900 census, he gives his birthdate at Jan 1829.  Mary's age at death appears off because, in the 1900 census, Mary gives her birthdate as Jul 1847.  Ida's age at death must be off because the 1870 census shows her born in Dec 1869, and a secondary source gives her birthdate as 26 Dec 1869, though I don't know what their primary source was.

10.  WorldConnect / Ancestry World Trees (online at RootsWeb.com/Ancestry.com).